INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

OBJECTIVES

Attheendofthissession,Studentswillbeableto:
DefineIntegumentarySystem
KnowthepartsofIntegumentarySystem
Describe5functionofSkin.
List3commondisease/disorderof
integumentarysystem.
Learntopreventpatientsfrombedsores.

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEY
OBJECTIVES

Attheendofthissession,Studentswillbeableto:
DefineIntegumentarySystem
KnowthepartsofIntegumentarySystem
Describe5functionofSkin.
List3commondisease/disorderof
integumentarysystem.
Learntopreventpatientsfrombedsores.

DEFINITION
Itisthesystem,
whichcoversourentirebody
thatisskin.Skinisthenatural
covering.Itprovidesfirstlineof
defenseagainstinfection.

PartsofIntegumentarySystem
Skin
HairandHairfollicles.
Nails
Sebaceousglandsis
Sweatglands
Nervesupply

SKIN

Theskincoversandprotectunderlying

structuresfrominjuryorbacteria

Epidermis

invasion.Skinconsistsof2layers:
Dermis

Epidermis
Dermis

Epidermis
It is the most superficial or outer layer of
the skin, which we can see. It is thickest on palms
and soles. No blood vessels or nerves ending present
on it. Hair, Secretions from sebaceous glands and
sweat glands pass through epidermis.

Dermis
It is inner layer of the skin. It is tough and
elastic. It consists of blood vessels, hair follicles,
adipose (folds) tissue, sebaceous (oil) glands and
sweat glands.

HairandHairFollicles
Theyarefoundalloverthe
bodyexceptonthepalmsandsoles.

Nails
Theyformfromsamecellsasepidermisand
hair.Itishard,horeytypeofdeadcells.Theyprotect
thetipsofthefingerandtoes.

SebaceousGland

It secrets thick oily substance

through the ducts that leads to sebaceous gland. This
oily secretion lubricates and keeps skin soft, pliable and
also provides a protective film, which limits the
absorption and evaporation of water from the surface.

SweatGland
Itsecretssweatorperspiration
fromtinyholesintheskincalledposes.Function
ofsweatglandsismaintainingbodytemperature
andbodyridsitselfofcertainwasteproducts
throughperspiration.

NerveSupply
Duetopresenceofsensorynerve
endingthebodyreactsbyreflexactionto
unpleasantorpainfulstimuliandprotectsfrom
furtherinjuries.

FunctionsofSkin

Protection
Skincoversandprotectsunderlying
bodystructuresfrominjuryandmicroorganism
invasionandactsasamechanicalbarrier.

Sense Organ
The sensory nerve endings present in
skin that allows sensory perception. The senses of
touch, pain and change in temperature.

Temperature Regulation
Itregulatesthebody
temperaturebycontrollingthelossofheatfromthe
body.Theevaporationofsweatfromthesurfaceof
theskinfacilitatesalossofheatwhenenvironment
becomestoowarm.

Minor Excretory Function

Thesmallamountof
water,saltandwasteproductareeliminatedby
perspiration.

Store Energy
and vitamins.

Skin can store energy in the form of fats

 Hair Growth and Replacement

Sometimes hair loss may be temporary

as a result of one or more of the
following factors: exposure to drugs,
dietary factors, radiation, high fever, or
stress.
Thinning of the hair, called alopecia can
occur in both sexes, usually as a result
of aging.

Burns
Major cause of accidental death, primarily as
a result of their effects on the skin.
Usually caused by heat, radiation, harmful
chemicals, sunlight, or electrical shock.
The immediate threat to life results primarily
from fluid loss, infection, and the effects of
burned, dead tissue.
Burns are classified according to the depth of
tissue involvement.

Classification of Burns
First- and second-degree burns are called partialthickness burns.
Second-degree burns involve the epidermis and part of
the dermis.
The skin appears red, tan, or white, and
is blistered and
painful.
Third-degree
burns
are called full thickness burns.
Third-degree burns involve the epidermis, dermis,
and subcutaneous layer, which are often destroyed.

Skin Cancer
The most common type of cancer.

The greatest risk factor is exposure to

UV rays of the sun.

The highest incidence is in people who

have had severe sunburns, especially as
children.

CommonProblemsofIntegumentarSystem

Cyanosis:Signofimpairedcirculation

Lesions
:Anabnormalityoftissuesof

thebodyasawound,sore,
rashorboil.

Ulcer

:Localdestructionofthe
Epidermis

 Herpes Zoster: Inflammatorycondition

causedbyvirusthat

producepainfullesions
Dermatitis :Inflammationofskinlayer

isreactionorirritatingdue
toallergy

Cancer of:Tumoroftheskin,which
hashighrateofdeathrate.
the Skin Burns
:Excessiveexposureof
skin

toheat or fire.

THANK

YOU