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Cell as a Unit of Life

Objective
identify that cell is the basic unit of living things,
Identify, draw, label the general structures of
animal cells and plant cells
state the function of each cell structure,
state the similarities and differences between an
animal cell and a plant cell.

What is cell

Cell as a unit of life


All living organism are made up of cells
Cells are the smallest living parts in a living thing
Cell is microscopic and could only be observed by
microscope.
Some living things are very simple. They are
made up of only one cell.
Some living things are very complex. The human
body is made up of 50 to 60 trillion cells.

Cells are very small. We cannot see them with the


naked eye.
We need the help of a microscope to see cells.
A microscope is a tool that enables us to look at
small things which cannot be seen with the naked
eye.
A microscope is very expensive. It must be
handled with care.

Plant cell
Structure of
cell

Function

Nucleus

Control all activities of the cell

Vacuoles

Stores salt and sugar solutions, hold


waste substances

Cytoplasm

A place where all chemical reactions


take place

Cell membrane Control the movement of substances


into or out of the cell
Cell wall

Support and gives the cell a regular


shape

Chloroplasts

A place where plants make food by


photosynthesis. Contain chlorophyll
which is used to trap sunlight for
photosynthesis.

Animal cell

Comparing Animal Cell and Plant Cell

Differences
Plant cell

Animal cell

Regular shape

Irregular
shape

With
chloroplasts

Without
chloroplasts

With a cell
wall (cellulose)
cell

Without cell
wall

Large vacuoles

Has no
vacuole except
in unicellular

nucleus

Similarities
cytoplasm

cell
membrane

Functions Of Cell
Structures
Every cell structure performs a function for the cell.
The function of a chloroplast is to carry out photosynthesis to make food
for the plant.
Only cells that contain chloroplasts can carry out photosynthesis. The
cells in a plant root for example, cannot carry out photosynthesis.
The nucleus can control all activities of the cell because it contains
chromosomes. Chromosomes carry genetic information that control the
cells activities.
The cell membrane is the structure that controls what substances move
into or out of the cell.
Food passes through the cell membrane before it enters the cell.
Waste materials pass through the cell membrane before they leave the
cell.
The cell wall is a strong structure that gives the plant cell a regular
shape . The animal cell does not have a regular shape because it does
not have a cell wall.

Unicellular and
Multicellular Organisms

Objective
State the meaning of unicellular and multicellular
organisms
Give examples of unicellular and multicellular
organisms

Unicellular

Uni means one


Cellular - cell
Unicellular organisms are vey small.
Need microscope to view them
Example

Multicellular
Multi - more than one
Cellular - cell
Example of multicellular organisms
o Hydra, insects birds and ferns

Example of microorganisms
o Mucor and Spirogyra

Cell in human body

Organisation of cells

cell

tissue

Organ

system

Organism

Systems of the human body


System

Function

Digestive system

To digest food so that it can be absorbed easily and used by the


body

Nervous System

To help the body respond to changes inside and outside the


body

Respiratory system

To enable gas exchange to take place

Reproductive system

To produce reproductive cells

Blood circulatory
system

To carry oxygen and food to all parts of the ody and waste
substances to the kidneys

Skeletal system

To support the weight of the body and protect soft organ

Excretory system

To remove toxic substances from the body

Muscular system

To help the body to move

Lymphatic system

To defend the body against disease with the help of


lymphocytes

Endocrine System

To produce hormones to control the bodys activities and


development

Conclusion

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