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Kultur Dokumente
06/28/15
2010-06
www.huawei.com
Huawei Confidential
Content
Process for Planning the LTE Network
Frequency Planning
Cell ID Planning
TA Planning
PCI Planning
Neighboring Cell Planning
X2 Planning
PRACH Planning
Huawei Confidential
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Informati
on
Collectio
n
Preplanning
Detailed
Planning
Cell
Planning
Frequen Cell ID
TA
cy
Plannin Plannin
Planning g
g
PCI
Plannin
g
Huawei Confidential
NB Cell
X2
PRACH
Plannin Plannin Plannin
g
g
g
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Content
Process for Planning the LTE Network
Frequency Planning
Cell ID Planning
TA Planning
PCI Planning
Neighboring Cell Planning
X2 Planning
PRACH Planning
Huawei Confidential
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Frequency Planning
Why and when perform frequency planning?
When the LTE system works on the same frequency band, serious interference
occurs between the UEs on the edge of a cell because they are close to each
other and use the same resources. In this case, the performance of the UEs
deteriorates. The inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) technology can be
used to change interference distribution, thus improving the throughput of the
UEs on the edge of a cell.
When static DL ICIC is used, the entire
bandwidth is divided into three parts, each of
which serves as the edge band of a cell for
reuse. In this case, network planning engineers
need to perform frequency planning.
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Huawei Confidential
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Content
Process for Planning the LTE Network
Frequency Planning
Cell ID Planning
TA Planning
PCI Planning
Neighboring Cell Planning
X2 Planning
PRACH Planning
Huawei Confidential
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Cell ID Planning
Different from a WCDMA cell ID, LTE cell ID consists of 20-bit eNB ID and 8bit cell ID, which ensures that the LTE cell ID is unique in the entire network.
If the PLMN (MCC + MNC) is used, the LTE cell ID is unique worldwide. The
WCDMA cell ID is unique on each RNC, the GSM and CDMA cell ID also is
similar to the WCDMA cell ID.
The eNB involves the local cell ID, sector ID, and cell ID. It is advised to
plan the three IDs starting from 0, which ensures that they are consistent.
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Huawei Confidential
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Content
Process for Planning the LTE Network
Frequency Planning
Cell ID Planning
TA Planning
PCI Planning
Neighboring Cell Planning
X2 Planning
PRACH Planning
Huawei Confidential
Page 10
TA Planning
TA Concept
Similar to the location area and routing area in 2G/3G networks, the tracking area
(TA) is used for paging. TA planning aims to reduce location update signaling caused
by location changes in the LTE system.
TAI list
A list of TAIs that identify the tracking areas that the UE can enter without performing
a tracking area updating procedure. The TAIs in a TAI list assigned by an MME to a
UE pertain to the same MME area. Additionally, the TAIs in a TAI list assigned by an
MME to a CS fallback capable UE pertain to the same location area. In this case, the
defining of the relationship between the tracking area(s) and the location area(s) is
operator specific.
In LTE system, if an UE changes the TAs in the TAI list, TA update wont be triggered.
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TA Planning Principles
A TA should be medium. The limitations by the EPC must be considered.
(Currently, each TA supports a maximum of 30 eNBs in the EPC. The number may
be adjusted later.)
When the suburban area and urban area are covered discontinuously, an
independent TA is used for the suburban area.
A TA should be planned for a continuous geographical area to prevent segmental
networking of eNBs in each TA.
The paging area cannot be located in different MMEs.
The mountain or river in the planned area can be used as the border of a TA to
reduce the overlapping depth of different cells in two TAs. In this way, fewer
location updates are performed on the edge of a TA.
The LAC planning in the existing 2G/3G networks can serve as a reference for
planning TAs.
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Content
Process for Planning the LTE Network
Frequency Planning
Cell ID Planning
TA Planning
PCI Planning
Neighboring Cell Planning
X2 Planning
PRACH Planning
Huawei Confidential
Page 13
PCI Planning
In LTE system, the physical cell identifier (PCI) is used to differentiate radio signals of
different cells. That is, the PCI is unique in the coverage of cells. Cell IDs are grouped in
the cell search procedure. The ID of a cell group is determined through the SSCH, and
then a specific cell ID is determined through the PSCH.
The function of PCIs in the LTE system is similar to that of scrambling codes in the
WCDMA system. PCI planning also aims to ensure the reuse distance.
Differences between a scrambling code and a PCI: The scrambling code ranges from 0
to 511 whereas the PCI ranges from 0 to 503. In addition, the protocols do not have
specific requirements for scrambling code planning. Therefore, only the reuse distance
needs to be ensured in scrambling code planning. For PCI planning, however, 3GPP
protocols require that the value of PCI/3 should be 0, 1, or 2 in each eNB.
The SCP can be used for PCI planning. The prototype version is available for the tool
specific to PCI planning but the tool needs evaluation.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Huawei Confidential
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Actual Considerations
PCIs need to be reserved for indoor coverage.
For a high site that may lead to cross-cell coverage, a large reuse
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Content
Process for Planning the LTE Network
Frequency Planning
Cell ID Planning
TA Planning
PCI Planning
Neighboring Cell Planning
X2 Planning
PRACH Planning
Huawei Confidential
Page 16
The actual configuration is different. There is no BSC in the LTE system. When an
eNB cell is configured as neighboring cells of other eNBs, external cells must be
added first, which is similar to the scenario where inter-BSC neighboring cells are
configured on the BSC. That is, neighboring cells can be configured only after the
corresponding cell information is added.
Currently, neighboring cells are configured on the eNB based on the local cell ID
instead of the cell ID used in previous systems. Therefore, the local cell ID and cell ID
should be consistent.
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After initial neighbor relations configured and the number of UEs increasing,
some neighboring relations may be missing. In this case, ANR can be used
to detect missing neighboring cells and add neighbor relations, thus network
performance improved.
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Content
Process for Planning the LTE Network
Frequency Planning
Cell ID Planning
TA Planning
PCI Planning
Neighboring Cell Planning
X2 Planning
PRACH Planning
Huawei Confidential
Page 19
X2 Interface Planning
Huawei Confidential
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Content
Process for Planning the LTE Network
Frequency Planning
Cell ID Planning
TA Planning
PCI Planning
Neighboring Cell Planning
X2 Planning
PRACH Planning
Huawei Confidential
Page 21
The random access preambles are generated from Zadoff-Chu sequences with
zero correlation zone.
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Zadoff-Chu sequence
A Zadoff-Chu sequence has good self-correlation and crosscorrelation and is defined as follows:
xu n e
un ( n 1)
N ZC
, 0 n N ZC 1
the physical root sequence index. The relation between the logical
root sequence index and physical root sequence index is defined in
protocols.
root Zadoff-Chu
vN CS
Cv 0
RA
RA
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The planning aims to assign the root Zadoff-Chu sequence index for cells
to ensure that different preamble sequences are generated for
neighboring cells through the index. In this way, interference of preamble
sequences between neighboring cells can be reduced.
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Preamble Format
14.5 km
77.3 km
29.5 km
100 km
Ncs
Huawei Confidential
N CS is subject to the
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Step 1: The Ncs value is determined by the cell radius. If the cell radius is
10 km, the Ncs value is 76.
Step 2: The value of 839/76 is rounded down to 11, that is, each index
can generate 11 preamble sequences. In this case, six root sequence
indexes are required to generate 64 preamble sequences.
Step 4: The available root sequence indexes are assigned to cells. The
assignment principles are similar to those for PCIs.
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Thank you
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