Form 4 Chapter 8: Circles III

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Two circles which intersect at two points

A

Common tangent:
AB and CD

Properties:
Parallel to PQ
Same length that is
AB = CD

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Two circles which intersect at two points

A
B
F
Q

Common tangent:

AB and CD

Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd

Two cirlces which intersect at two points

A
B
F
Q

D
C

Properties:
Intersect at point F
AB = CD

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Two circles which intersect at only one point

B

Common tangent:
AB

Properties:
A

Perpendicular to FQP

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Two circles which intersect at only one point

A

Common tangent:
AB and CD

Properties:
Parallel to PQ
AB = CD

Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd

Two circles which intersect at only one point

A

Common tangent:
EF

Properties:
Perpendicular to
PQ

Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd

Two circles which intersect at only one point

A

Common tangent:

B
G

AB and CD

D
C

Properties:
Intersect at point G
AB = CD

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Two circles which intersect at only one point

A
E

Common tangent:

B
G

EF

P
F
C

Properties:
Perpendicular to
PQ

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Two circles which do not intersect each other

A

Common tangent:

AB and CD
P
C

Q
D

Properties:
Parallel to PQ
AB = CD

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Two circles which do not intersect each other

A
E

EH and FG
Q

F
C

Common tangent:

Properties:
Intersect at line PQ
EH = FG

Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd

Two circles which do not intersect each other

A

Common tangent:

B
F

AB and CD

D
C

Properties:

Intersect at point F
Same length that
is AB = CD
Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd

Two circles which do not intersect each other

A

Common tangent:
B

GH and JK

P
K

Properties:

Intersect at the
line PQ
Same length that
is GH = JK

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Solving problems

P
x

In the diagram, P and Q are the

centres of two circles with radii
9 cm and 4 cm respectively. MN
is a common tangent to the
circles. Calculate
(a) the length of MN,
(b) the value of x,
(c) the perimeter of the shaded
region.
(Assume = 3.142)

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Solving problems
(a)

Solution:

PQ = 9 + 4
= 13 cm
PT = 9 4
= 5 cm

P
T

In PQT,
TQ2 = PQ2 PT2
= 132 52
TQ = 12 cm
MN = 12 cm

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Solving problems
(b)

Solution:

tan x =
=

P
T

= 2.4
x = 67.4

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Solving problems
(c)

Solution:

Length of arc HM
=

P
T

2 3.142 9

= 10.59 cm
HQN = 180 67.4
= 112.6
Length of arc HN
=

2 3.142 4

= 7.86 cm
M

Perimeter of the shaded region = 10.59 + 7.86 + 12 = 30.45 cm

Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd

Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd