Sie sind auf Seite 1von 20

Renewable Energy Technologies in Power

Generation

An Introduction ppt
- Spark

1
Contents

Introduction

Wind Energy

Solar Energy

2
Contents

Introduction

Wind Energy

Solar Energy

3
Introduction
 Renewable Energy – “any sustainable energy source that comes from natural

environment.”

 Some Aspects of Renewable Energy

 It exists perpetually and in abundant in the environment

 Ready to be harnessed, inexhaustible

 It is a clean alternative to fossil fuels

 “energy that is derived from natural process that are replenished constantly” --

defined by the RENEWABLE ENERGY WORKING PARTY of the INTERNATIONAL

ENERGY AGENCY

4
Introduction
 Contribution of Renewable Energy in World Electricity Production

5
Introduction
 Major Renewable Energy Sources
 Hydro Energy
 Wind Energy
 Solar Energy
 Biomass Energy
 Tidal Energy
 Geothermal Energy
 Wave Energy
 Bio-fuel
 Bagasse

6
 Present Installed Capacity of Renewable Energy Sources
in India
Renewable Energy Source Present Installed Capacity

Wind 10200 MW

Small Hydro 2100 MW

Bagasse 750 MW

Biomass 620 MW

Solar 2 MW

Total RE Installed Capacity – 13672 MW


Source: Ministry of New & Renewable Energy Sources (MNRE) 7
Introduction
Solar Panels Wind Turbine Generators

8
Contents

Introduction

Wind Energy

Solar Energy

9
Wind Energy - Technology
 Differential heating of the earth’s surface
and atmosphere induces vertical and
horizontal air currents that are affected by
the earth’s rotation and contours of the
land and generates WIND.
 A wind turbine obtains its power input by
converting the force of the wind into a
torque (turning force) acting on the rotor
blades.
 The amount of energy which the wind
transfers to the rotor depends on the
density of the air, the rotor area, and the
wind speed.
 PLF of Wind Farm is normally in the range
of 20 % to 30% depending upon the site
P  Power
conditions and WTG rating.
ρ  Air Density (kg/m3)
P = 0.5 X ρ X A X V3
A  Blade Area -turbine (m2)
V  Wind velocity (m/s)
10
Wind Energy - Technology
 Major Components of Wind Turbine

11
Wind Energy – Present Scenario
 Wind Power – Fastest growing renewable
energy source
 Globally, it grew at the average rate of 27
% pa over the past 10 years.
 While in India it grew at the average rate of
33% over the past 9 years.
 Presently, India is ranked 4th in the world
in terms of Wind Energy Installed Capacity

 Drivers of growth
 Environmental Awareness and
Sustainable Development
 Growing Global Energy Demand
 Improving Competitiveness of
renewable energy
 Security of Supply Concerns
 New Markets (e.g. India, China etc)
 Carbon Trading
 Fiscal Benefits by Govt. (PTC, feed in
tariffs, etc)
12
Contents

Introduction

Wind Energy

Solar Energy

13
Solar Energy - Technology
 Solar power is by far the Earth's most available energy source, easily capable of providing
many times the total current energy demand.
 Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity.
 Two main commercial ways of conversion of sunlight into electricity.
 Concentrating Solar Thermal Plant (CSP)
 Photovoltaic Plants (PV)
 CSP and PV both have their markets. PV is very successful in decentralized applications,
whereas CSP offers advantages for central and large-scale applications. CSP power
plants are the most cost-efficient way to generate and to store dispatch able CO2-free
electricity. However, there is no competition between both. Rather, they have to be seen as
complementary technologies.
 PLF of CSP – In the range of 20 % to 30 %
PLF of PV – In the range of 15 % to 20 %

14
Solar Energy - Technology
 Concentrating Solar Thermal Plant
(CSP)

It contains;
 Collector Field
 Turbine
 Generator
 Cooling Tower
 Transformer

Courtesy: ESP Solar

15
Solar Energy - Technology
 Solar Photovoltaic Plants (PV)
It contains;
 Solar Arrays
 Inverter
 Transformer

16
Solar Energy - Technology
 In both CSP and PV technologies, solar resources plays major role.
 Maps are available to calculate solar resource of a particular region. However, for both CSP
and PV technologies different solar radiations are taken into account.
 Basically two types of solar radiations are there;
 Global Horizontal irradiations (GHI)
 Direct Normal Irradiation (DNI)
 For PV technologies GHI is considered. GHI
consists of diffuse radiations and direct
horizontal radiations (beam).
Minimum GHI – 1000 kwh/m2 pa
 For CSP, DNI is considered. DNI
is the amount of radiation received by
a surface which is permanently aligned
perpendicular to the incoming beam.
Minimum DNI – 1900 kwh/m2 pa

17
Solar Energy - Technology
A typical GHI irradiation Map for
India which is used to find a
feasible site for PV Plant.

A typical DNI irradiation Map for


India which is used to find a
feasible site for CSP Plant.

18
Solar Energy – Current Scenario
 The total installed capacity of solar
power (Both CSP and PV) as of 2008 is
2826 MW.
 In India the total installed capacity of
solar power is around 2 MW.
 In India, various government and private
players have entered into CSP and PV
markets.
 MNRE has set a target to establish at
least 50 MW of solar projects during the
11th plan.

19
20

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen