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ExpDes-1
ExpDes-2
Analysis of a RBD
Traditional analysis approach is via the linear (regression on indicator
variables) model and AOV.
A RBD can occur in a number of situations:
1. A randomized block design with each treatment replicated once
in each block (balanced and complete). This is a randomized
complete block design (RCBD).
2. A randomized block design with each treatment replicated once
in a block but with one block/treatment combination missing.
(incomplete).
3. A randomized block design with each treatment replicated two or
more times in each block (balanced and complete, with
replication in each block).
Treatment
1
1
y11
2
y12
Block
3
y13
y21
y22
y23
...
y2b
...
t
...
yt1
...
yt2
...
yt3
...
...
...
ytb
...
...
b
y1b
ExpDes-4
Treatment
CaCl2
Block
Troop Lakeland Leon Chipley Norfolk
5.07
3.31
2.54
2.34
4.71
NH4OAc
4.43
2.74
2.09
2.07
5.29
Ca(H2PO4)2
Water
7.09
4.48
2.32
2.35
1.09
2.70
4.38
3.85
5.70
4.98
ExpDes-5
Minitab
ExpDes-6
i 1t
j 1 b
yij i j ij
treatment i effect
w.r.t. grand mean
E ( yij ) i j ij
1
2
1b
2b
...
t
...
...
...
t1 t2 t3 tb t
mean
Block
3
1
Treatment
1
constraints
...
...
...
b
mean
ExpDes-7
Model Effects
yij i j ij
Linear model
Treatment effects are filtered out from block effects (show on board)
E ( y1 y2 ) ( 1 ) ( 2 ) 1 2
H0B: No block effects:
1=2=3=...=b = 0
1=2=3=...=t = 0
ExpDes-8
RCBD AOV
Source
Treatments
Blocks
Error
Totals
SS
SST
SSB
SSE
TSS
df
t-1
b-1
(b-1)(t-1)
bt-1
MS
F
MST=SST/(t-1)
MST/MSE
MSB=SSB/(b-1) MSB/MSE
MSE=SSE/(b-1)(t-1)
TSS ( y ij y )
i 1 j 1
t
SST b ( y i y )
i 1
b
SSB t ( y j y )
j 1
t b
2
t
y
TSS y ij
bt
i 1 j 1
t
yi2 y
SST
bt
i 1 b
b y2
y
j
SSB
bt
j 1 t
SSE TSS SST SSB
SSE ( y ij y i y j y )
i 1 j 1
E ( MST ) 2 b T
E ( MSB) 2 t B
E ( MSE )
i
i
t 1
2
j
b 1
ExpDes-10
ExpDes-11
Mean
3.16
2.68
2.10
5.17
5.27
Solution
Ca(H2PO4
CaCl
NH4OAc
Water
Mean
4.12
3.59
3.32
3.67
F
10.57
0.67
P
0.001
0.585
Individual 95% CI
---+---------+---------+---------+-------(-----*------)
(------*-----)
(-----*------)
(-----*------)
(-----*------)
---+---------+---------+---------+-------1.50
3.00
4.50
6.00
Individual 95% CI
-----+---------+---------+---------+-----(------------*-----------)
(-----------*------------)
(-----------*------------)
(-----------*------------)
-----+---------+---------+---------+-----2.80
3.50
4.20
4.90
Note:
You must know which
factor is the block, the
computer doesnt know
or care. It simply does
sums of squares
computations.
Conclusion:
Block effect is
significant.
Treatment effect is
not statistically
significant at
=0.05.
ExpDes-12
Soils in SAS
data soils;
input Soil $ Solution $ Sulfur;
datalines;
Troop
CaCl
5.07
Troop
NH4OAc
4.43
Troop
Ca(H2PO4)2
7.09
Troop
Water
4.48
Lakeland
CaCl
3.31
Lakeland
NH4OAc
2.74
Lakeland
Ca(H2PO4)2
2.32
Lakeland
Water
2.35
Leon
CaCl
2.54
Leon
NH4OAc
2.09
Leon
Ca(H2PO4)2
1.09
Leon
Water
2.70
Chipley
CaCl
2.34
Chipley
NH4OAc
2.07
Chipley
Ca(H2PO4)2
4.38
Chipley
Water
3.85
Norfolk
CaCl
4.71
Norfolk
NH4OAc
5.29
Norfolk
Ca(H2PO4)2
5.70
Norfolk
Water
4.98
;
proc glm data=soils;
class soil solution;
model sulfur = soil solution ;
title 'RCBD for Sulfur extraction across
different Florida Soils';
run;
ExpDes-13
DF
7
12
19
R-Square
0.786822
Sum of
Squares
35.58609500
9.64156000
45.22765500
Coeff Var
24.38083
Mean Square
5.08372786
0.80346333
Root MSE
0.896361
F Value
6.33
Pr > F
0.0028
Sulfur Mean
3.676500
Source
Soil
Solution
DF
4
3
Type I SS
33.96488000
1.62121500
Mean Square
8.49122000
0.54040500
F Value
10.57
0.67
Pr > F
0.0007
0.5851
Source
DF
Type III SS
Mean Square
F Value
Pr > F
4
3
33.96488000
1.62121500
8.49122000
0.54040500
10.57
0.67
0.0007
0.5851
Soil
Solution
ExpDes-14
SPSS Soil
ExpDes-15
ExpDes-16
Soils RCBD in R
> sulf <c(5.07,4.43,7.09,4.48,3.31,2.74,2.32,2.35,2.54,2.09,1.09,2.70,2.34,
2.07,4.38,3.85,4.71,5.29,5.70,4.98)
> chem <- factor(rep(c("cac","nh4","ca2","h2o"),5))
> soil <factor(c(rep("Troop",4),rep("Lake",4),rep("Leon",4),rep("Chip",4),rep("Norf",4)
))
> rcbd.fit = aov(sulf~soil+chem)
> # anova table
> anova(rcbd.fit)
Analysis of Variance Table
Response: sulf
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value
Pr(>F)
ExpDes-17
> interaction.plot(chem,soil,sulf)
ExpDes-18
FR 2 ,t 1
ExpDes-19
Diagnostics: Soils
> par(mfrow=c(2,2))
> plot(rcbd.fit)
ExpDes-20
data:
> tapply(sulf,chem,mean)
ca2
cac
h2o
nh4
> tapply(sulf,soil,mean)
Chip
Lake
Leon
Norf
Troop
ExpDes-21