Ohms law

MOHAMMAD ALWEH

Electric building bocks

All electronics share three basic characters /
measurements
- Voltage
- Current
- Resistance
Without these parameters it would not be possible to
design, troubleshoot, or even understand the operation
of electricity and electronics

Voltage
Voltage is the force that drives electrons through a

conductor . It is due to the potential difference in

energy (much like the force that will cause a ball to
fall from an elevated position or water to flow from
high pressure).
Voltage is measured in volts (v) examples of voltage
sources include the typical 1.5 v AA battery, 12 v auto
battery, and the 120 v supplied by your home
receptacle.

Current
Current is the measure of the actual flow of electrons

in a conductor or circuit. It results when a voltage is

applied to a conductor /circuit with a closed path
closed.
Current (i) is measured in amperes ( A ) or amps in
most applications low current is preferred due to
heat generation an electric hazard

Resistance
Resistance is the opposition found in circuit

elements to the voltage across the circuit.

Resistance (i) is measured in ohms () and has a
very large discrepancy depending on application a
few examples or resistors in our daily life include a
light bulb , heating coils, and the electromagnets in
motors.

Ohms law
In the 1820s Georg Ohm

A German physicist discovered

that if the voltage for a given
circuit was increased then the
Resulting current was higher he
also noted that the relationship
seemed to be directly proportional.

Ohms law cont.

Ohms discovery tells us several things can be

represented in several forms

-- V = I * R
-- I = V/R
-- R = V/I
Another way used commonly to represent this
relationship is the ohm triangle.

The ohm triangle

Relationship between voltage, current and resistance

Basic circuit setup

Basic circuit setup

Not only does ohms law help us understand the

direct relationship between voltage, current, and

resistance but with some manipulation we can
compute/ understand a whole lot more.

Measuring electricity
Volts, amps, and ohm's can all be measured using a

multi-meter

Measuring electricity
to start the measuring process connect the testing

wire/ alligator clips in the proper setup

Select the parameter you wish to measure
And be sure the correct range is also selected failing
to do so will result in burning the fuse and or
inaccurate reading.
To measure voltage connect the testing wire in
parallel (at the two ends of the element)

Measuring electricity
Resistance may be found in a similar fashion as long

as the dials are accordingly reset.

To measure current the setup must be changed so
that the element is in series (in line with ) this can be
achieved by disconnecting one side of the element
(resistor) and hooking up the maulti-meter

Resistors
Another way to determine the resistance is through

the color codes on standard resistors.

Resistors
Exemple: If first color is RED ,second is RED ,third

is BLACK and the last is SILVER it means:

RED - 2 -- RED - 2 -- YELLOW - x10000 -SILVER - 10%
2 2 0000 +/- 10% * 2 2 0000
220000 +/- 22000
This is 220 000 Ohm or 220 kOhm
or 220 000 - 22 000 Ohm or 220 - 22 kOhm
or 220 000 + 22 000 Ohm or 220 + 22 kOhm