Department of Education

DIVISION OF LEGAZPI CITY

Legazpi City

Learning Action Cell (LAC Session)

Albay Central School
Legazpi City

MATHEMATICS
Grade 3 & 4
What are the difficulties in teaching
multiplication in grade 3 and 4?

Numbers are the foundation of

mathematics and student must
learn counting and acquire
instant recall of the single digit
number facts for addition and
multiplication and the related
facts for subtraction and
division.

Whole number operations the addition,

subtraction; multiplication and division of
whole numbers represent the basic
operations of mathematics. Much of
mathematics is a generalization of these
operations and rests on an understanding
of these procedures. They must be
learned with fluency using standard
algorithms.

Reminders:

Mathematics is not a collection of

unrelated topics.
Mathematics is hierarchical.
All of the topics discussed fit into an
interconnected dependency pattern.
These dependencies form a structure.

This structure is really part of the content of

mathematics and was built by mathematical
reasoning and it takes mathematical reasoning
to make sense of the structure.
The very structure of mathematics dictates
that certain topics must be mastered before
any understanding of the next topic can even
be hoped for.

The following are problem

solving exercises which are
meant to keep you on your
toes and show that
Mathematics can be fun and
exciting.
THIS IS NOT A TEST YOUR
ABILITY AND
SKILL IN MATHEMATICS.

1. If there are fifteen crows in the fence and the farmer shoots a
third of them, how many are left? ___
2 . How many times can you subtract the number 5 from 25?
______
3. How much dirt is in a hole that 3 feet deep and 6 inches in
diameter? _____
4. On my way to the fair, I met 7 jugglers and a bear. Every
juggler had 6 cats,
every cat has 5 rats, every rat had 4 houses, every house had
3 mice, every
mouse had 3 lice, every louse had a spouse. How many are
going
5. Johnnys
to the mother
fair?
had four children. The first was April, the
second
______was May
and the third was June. What was the name of the fourth
6.
What
months has 28 days? _______
child?
______
7. How many animals of each species did Adam take with him on
the ark? _____
8. If three cats can kill 3 rats in 3 minutes in 3 minutes, how
many cats will take to kill 3 rats in 30 minutes? _______

9. Peter had a dozen mangoes in his office. He ate all but 8. How
many were left?
_______
10. There are five oranges in the basket. How will you distribute
the oranges to
five people, such that one orange is still left in the basket?
11. What number leaves you nothing if you cut it half? _______
______________
12. A peacock lays 10 eggs in a day. How many eggs will it lay in
10 days? ______
13. A man sold a carabao at Php 1000 bought it back at Php 2000,
sold it at Php
3000, bought at Php 4000 and sold at Php 5000. How much
did he
gain?
_____
14.
What
is the
beginning of eternity, the end of time, the
beginning of every end,
and the end of every place? _______
15. How can you find the quotient and remainder of 179 divided by
11 on a
calculator without using the division key? __________

Fill in the blanks below to make the sentences true.

a.

Equal groups of

b.

c.

=
=

a.

Equal groups of

b.

c.

=
=

a. ____ Rows of ____ = ______

b. ____ columns of _____ = ______
c. ____ + ____ + ____ + ____ = _____
d. ____ + ____ + ____ + ____ + _____ =
____
e. _____ x ____ = ______

Use skip counting on the number line to find the product

(the result of multiplying).

a. 5 x 6
b. 2 x 4
c. 3 x 5

a.5 x 6 =
30

Multiplication Facts Strategies

Complexity=1, Mode=2,5,10

Answer the following problems from

memory.
1. 2 x 8 =

2. 5 x 6 =
3. 5 x 10 =

Complexity=1, Mode=9

Answer either from memory or by

applying strategies.
1. 9 x 3 =
2. 9 x 8 =
Solution
When multiplying by 9, subtract your digit by 1 to get the tens digit.
So 3 - 1 = 2.
The sum of the digits in your answer adds up to 9. So if the tens digit is 2,
then the ones digit is 9 - 2 = 7.
Therefore, your answer is 27

Alternate strategy:
When multiplying by 9, just multiply by 10 and subtract the number.
In this case, we have
39=
3 10 - 3 =
30 - 3 =
27

Alternate strategy:
Put both hands in front of you with all 10 fingers out. Take finger #3
and curl it. You'll see 2 fingers to your left and 7 fingers to your right.
See how this gives you the answer of 27?

Complexity=1, Mode=4

Answer either from memory or by applying strategies.

1.

4x6=
2.
4x4=

Solution
To multiply by 4, multiply by 2, then multiply by 2 again.
622=
12 2 =
24
Solution
To multiply by 4, multiply by 2, then multiply by 2 again.
422=
82=
16

Complexity=1, Mode=6

Answer

either from memory or by applying strategies.

1.

2.

5x6=
4x6=

Solution
To multiply by 6, multiply by 5 and add the number.
56=
55+5=
25 + 5 =
Solution
To multiply by 6, multiply by 5 and add the number.
46=
45+4=
20 + 4 =
24

MULTIPLICATION TRICKS

MULTIPLICATION NEAREST TO 100

2

-3

EX. 98 X 97 = 9506
98-3 = 95
2 x 3 = 06

97-2 = 95
2 x 3 = 06

Try these
1.
2.
3.
4.

93
96
92
95

x
x
x
x

92
94
97
99

=
=
=
=

6.
7.
8.
9.

85
65
88
86

x
x
x
x

98
97
88
91

=
=
=
=

 Multiplying 2 digits by 2 digit

numbers.
Using Cross and vertical Method.

Ex.

45
x 36
1 23 93 0
16 2 0

3x4=12

(3x5)+(4x6)
15 + 24=39

5x6=30

Group
Activity 3 - 4 digits by 3 to 4 digit
Multiplying
numbers.
Using Cross and vertical Method.
Show/draw pattern.
a. 385
x 642

b. 641
x 433

c. 3431
x 5243

d. 5526
x 4322

4 kinds of student

He who Knows
and Knows that he knows
He is wise
Follow him
He who Knows
and knows not that he knows
He is asleep
Awake him
He who Knows not
and knows that he knows not
He is a child
Teach him
He who knows not
and knows not that he knows not
He is a fool
SHUN him

Which of these 4 should you take care

of?