Testing

Presented By
Prabhat Kumar

Presented By
Prabhat Kumar
GSBA
 Flow of Presentation
• Introduction of Testing
• Why Testing?
• Testing Spectrum
• Quality assurance Technique
• Testing technique
• Testing Models


•
 Introduction
 Definitions of Software Testing
 - Testing is the process of executing a program or
system with
 the intent of finding errors.
 -Testing is any activity aimed at evaluating an
attribute or
 capability of a program or system and determining
that it meets its
 required results.
 Vocabulary & Concepts
 • Defects, bugs, faults
 • Testing is more than debugging

Software testing is an …………………… ART
 • because we still can not make it a science
 Software testing is everywhere
 Why Testing?
For Quality
 •bugs kill
 – in a computerized embedded world
 • Defect detection (find problems and get them
fixed)
 – Better early than late
 » Difficult to upgrade field software in embedded
systems
 • To make quality visible
 For Verification & Validation(V&V):
 • show it works:
 – clean test/positive test
 • or it can handle exceptional situations:
 – dirty test/negative test
 For Reliability Estimation
 • E.g. reliability growth testing
 Testing Spectrum
 Unit Testing
 - done at the lowest level.
 Integration Testing
 -performed when two or more tested units are combined into a
larger structure.
 System Testing
 -tends to affirm the end-to-end quality of the entire system.

Acceptance Testing
- done when the completed system is handed over from the developers
to the customers or users.

 Quality Assurance
Techniques
Static Analysis


 focuses on the range of methods that are used to determine

or estimate software quality without reference to actual
executions. It includes:
ü code inspection
ü program analysis
ü symbolic analysis
ü model checking
Dynamic Analysis
 deals with specific methods for ascertaining and/or
approximating software quality through actual executions, i.e., with
real data and under real (or simulated) circumstances. It includes:
ü synthesis of inputs
ü the use of structurally
dictated testing procedures
ü the automation of testing
environment generation.
 Testing Technique
• Functional Testing :
 The selection of test cases for functional testing is
based on the requirement or design specification of the
software entity under test.
• Structural Testing:
 The selection of test cases is based on the
implementation of the software entity.
 Testing Models
• Waterfall model
• Spiral model
• V model
• W model
• Butterfly model
Waterfall Model
The Waterfall model is a step-by-step method of achieving tasks.

Requirement Capture

Analysis

Test planning and scenario design

Test case development

Test Execution
Defect fixing cycle
Test cycle Closure

Test result analysis

Spiral Model
The test phase is divided into stages.
‘V’ Model
‘V' describes the graphical arrangement of the individual phases.
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