KNR 253

Values Clarification
Community Reintegration
Service Projects/Volunteering

Values Clarification
Austin, 2009
Dattilo & McKenney, 2011
Simon, Howe, & Kirschenbaum, 1978
Stumbo Leisure Education books
Many activities on Internet

Values Clarification
Everything

we do, every
decision we make and course of
action we take, is based on our
consciously or unconsciously held
beliefs, attitudes and values.
Simon et al., 1978, p. 13
Sidney Simon = expert in VC

ValuesClarification
values=whatwebelievetobe

important
clarification=toidentifyandmake
clearwhatisimportant
Valuesare:
individual
subjecttochange
aredemonstratedbythewaywelive(time,
money,andenergy)

Values
A

Value may be defined as:

A strongly held belief chosen from

among alternatives
After careful consideration of the
consequences of each alternative
That is both prized and esteemed
Publicly stated
Publicly acted upon
And repeated in ones daily living

Values Clarification
What

is Values Clarification?

Intervention consisting of
Form of questioning
A set of activities or strategies and
An approach toward subject content

Purpose

Assist individual become more clear

about their values/lives

Values Clarification
VC

helps people learn to become

aware of their values and sort
them out, make choices on the
basis of values, and take action
based on values
Decide what to do with their

Time
Money
Energy
Being

ValuesClarification
4WAYSTOTEACHVALUES:
1)
Moralizing

2)
3)
4)

Placementofyourvaluesonothers

Laissezfaire

Noonevaluesystemisright,willeventuallyfigureitout

Modeling

Teachvaluesbythewayyoulive

ValuesClarification

Helppeopleanswerownquestionsandbuildownvalue
system
Notconcernedwithcontentofvaluesbuttheprocessof
valuing
Assistinbecomingawareofownvaluesandstandingup
forthem

Valuing Process
A.

Choosing Ones Beliefs and Behaviors

1. Choosing from alternatives
2. Choosing after consideration of consequences
3. Choosing freely

B.

Prizing ones beliefs and behaviors

4. Prizing and cherishing

Do you feel good or are you happy with your choice?

5. Publicly affirming, when appropriate

C.

Acting on Ones Beliefs

6. Acting
7. Acting with a pattern, consistently, and
repetition

AdvantagesOfValues
Clarification

practicalandeasytogetstarted
canhandleavarietyofissues
notverydangerous
applicabletoavarietyoffunctional

levels
strategiesorexercisescaneasilybe
adaptedtocoverdifferentissues
fairlysafe

CriticismsOfValuesClarification
whochoosesthesubjectmatter?

Ideallytheclient.
moralvs.nonmoralissues.Isit
appropriatetotalkaboutmoralissues?
norelianceonaparticulartherapyor
bodyofknowledge
shouldwebeteachingvalues?"

Facilitator
Accepting, encouraging
Non-judgmental
Respects right not to participate
Respects response
Encourages honest responses
Listens carefully
Promotes movement through 7 step

process
Raises questions

We

can be confused about our

values in all life areas including
leisure

To

help clients clarify leisure

values, TR professionals can use
values clarification strategies

ValuesClarification
RELATIONTOLEISUREEDUCATION
LEISUREAWARENESS(fullofvalues)
SELFAWARENESS
DECISION/MAKING

Examples:
WORKETHICVS.INABILITYTOWORK[RETIRED,
DISABLILITY]
PERFECTIONISMVSWANTINGTOENJOYLIFE
[HAVINGTODOITRIGHT]
WORKCOMES1STVS.FAMILYCOMES1ST.

Dattilo says:
TR

can use 3 methods for VC

Individual clarifying response

Not planned
Encourages participants to think further
about ideas and beliefs

Group discussions
Value sheets
OR combination of all 3

Values Clarification
Activities
Strategies/Exercises

can be easily
adapted to cover different issues
Coat of Arms:
Greatest achievement to date
Leisure activity you enjoy the most

Bucket List
25 things you want to do before you are 50

Values Clarification
Examples
20

Things I Love To Do

Clothes

and Values

List items of clothing/jewelry

What I want my clothing/jewelry to
say about me
What my clothing/jewelry does say
about me to others

Values Clarification
Examples
Leisure
Other

on Recreate Island

decision making activities

Values Clarification Lab

Group

session that focuses on

some aspect of decision-making
Remember decision-making is more
complex that choosing activities of
interest

OR
Use

values clarification activities

for some aspect of LE. Discuss
which content areas of LE are most
appropriate for values clarification

Community
(Re)Integration
Armstrong & Lauzen, 1994
Stumbo & Wardlaw, 2011

Community
(Re)Integration

Terms that represent a loose

coalition of skills needed to reside in
the least restrictive environment
Is not just about physical integration
in a community setting or teaching
someone to use public
transportation
It is also about teaching selfadvocacy skills, problem-solving
skills, social norms, etc.

Community
(Re)Integration
Variety

of skill sets need to

transition for institutional settings
to community settings
Leisure education
Quality of life
Pain management
Finances

Community Integration
Program

Purpose:
Armstrong
& Lauzen, 1994
Provide opportunities and experiences for
the patient that promote the
development & application of new
knowledge, skills, & attitudes necessary
for successful participation in daily
community living
Goals

Application of skills
Socialization
Problem solving
Resource guidance

Community Integration
Program
Armstrong
Lauzen,(after
1994
3 basic& steps

skills learned
in clinical setting & in tandem
with leisure education program)
Pre-test
Ability to verbally walk/talk thru steps for
successful integration

Field trial
Demonstrate skill in natural setting

Post-test
Ability to remember problems & solutions
encountered in the outing

Community Integration
Program
Modules:
Community

Environment

Environmental safety
Emergency preparation
Basic survival skills
Cultural

Activity (at least 1)

Theater
Restaurant
Library
Sporting event

Community Integration
Program
Modules:
Community

activity (at least 1)

Shopping mall
Grocery store
Downtown
Bank
Laundromat
Community skills

Community Integration
Program
Modules:
Transportation

Personal travel
Taxi
Train
Air travel
City bus
Bus station

(at least 1)

Community Integration
Program
Modules:
Physical

activity (suggest attend

1 at least 2 times)
Aquatics
Wheelchair sports
Physical leisure activity

Individual

Plan (at least 1 group

& 1 patient directed)
Leisure activity

Community
(Re)Integration
Plan,

implement and evaluate a

group session that focuses on
skills needed to transition from
institutional settings to
community settings (e.g., selfadvocacy, problem-solving skills)

Service Projects/
Volunteerism
Stroud, Miller, Schleien, & Adams, 2006

Service Projects/
Volunteerism
Programs

where volunteering is
the target recreation activity
Empowers PWD to serve others
vs. being the recipient of services
Outcome: increases in skill
development, self-esteem, social
networking, sense of community
& empowerment

Service Projects/
Volunteerism
Requires

planning
Activity analysis
Task analysis
Facilitator
Inclusion
Team building activities
Processing

Service Projects/
Volunteerism
Park

districts
Humane society
Others?

Processing
Heart

Something that comes from the heart

regarding what you learned today
Club

Things that grew today (new ideas,

new thoughts, new points of view)
Spades

Used to dig up new or old ideas

Diamonds

Gems of wisdom from todays class