ACTIVE LEARNING PROCESS

Branch: Computer Engineering

Guided By :
Prof. Jugal Panchal

Prepared By :
Dishant Panchal
Neeshit Kaushik
Neel Panchal

13BECEG112
13BECEG122
13BECEG116

Training Agenda: Refrigeration &

Air Conditioning

Refrigeration & AC

Introduction
Type of refrigeration

Introduction

Refrigeration & AC

How does
it work?
Refrigeration
and air
conditioning
is used to
cool products
or a building
environment.

High Temperature Reservoir

Heat Rejected
R

Work Input

Heat Absorbed
Low Temperature Reservoir
3

Introduction
How does it work?
Refrigeration & AC

Thermal energy moves from left to right through five

loops of heat transfer:
1)

2)

3)

4)

5)

Indoor air
loop

Chilled
water loop

Refrigerant
loop

Condenser
water loop

Cooling
water loop

(Bureau of Energy Efficiency, 2004)

Introduction

Refrigeration & AC

Refrigeration systems for industrial

processes
Small capacity modular units of direct
expansion type (50 Tons of Refrigeration)
Centralized chilled water plants with
chilled water as a secondary coolant

(50

250 TR)

Brine plants with brines as lower

temperature, secondary coolant (>250 TR)
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Training Agenda: Refrigeration &

Air Conditioning

Refrigeration & AC

Introduction
Type of refrigeration
Types Of Air Conditioner

Types of Refrigeration
Refrigeration systems
Refrigeration & AC

Vapour Compression
Refrigeration (VCR): uses
mechanical energy
Vapour Absorption Refrigeration
(VAR): uses thermal energy

Type of Refrigeration
Vapour Compression Refrigeration
Refrigeration & AC

Highly compressed fluids tend to get

colder when allowed to expand
If pressure high enough
Compressed air hotter than source
of cooling
Expanded gas cooler than desired
cold temperature
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Type of Refrigeration
Vapour Compression Refrigeration
Refrigeration & AC

Two advantages
Lot of heat can be removed (lot of
thermal energy to change liquid to
vapour)
Heat transfer rate remains high
(temperature of working fluid much
lower than what is being cooled)
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Type of Refrigeration
Vapour Compression Refrigeration
Refrigeration & AC

Refrigeration cycle
3

Condenser

High
Pressure
Side

4
Expansion
Device

Compressor

1
Evaporator

Low
Pressure
Side
10

Type of Refrigeration

/Refrigeration & AC

Low pressure liquid

refrigerant in evaporator
Vapour Compression
absorbs heat and
changes toRefrigeration
a gas
cycle

Refrigeration
3

Condenser

High
Pressure
Side

4
Expansion
Device

Compressor

1
Evaporator

Low
Pressure
Side
11

Type of Refrigeration

Refrigeration & AC

The superheated vapour

enters the compressor
Vapour Compression
where its pressure is
raised
Refrigeration cycle

Refrigeration
3

Condenser

High
Pressure
Side

4
Expansion
Device

Compressor

1
Evaporator

Low
Pressure
Side
12

Type of Refrigeration

Refrigeration & AC

The high pressure

superheated gas is
cooled in several
stages
Vapour
Compression
in the condenser

Refrigeration

Refrigeration cycle

Condenser

High
Pressure
Side

4
Expansion
Device

Compressor

1
Evaporator

Low
Pressure
Side
13

Type of Refrigeration
Vapour
Refrigeration & AC

Liquid passes through expansion

device, which reduces its
Compression
Refrigeration
pressure and controls
the flow
into the evaporator

Refrigeration cycle

Condenser

High
Pressure
Side

4
Expansion
Device

Compressor

1
Evaporator

Low
Pressure
Side
14

Type of Refrigeration
Vapour Compression Refrigeration
Refrigeration & AC

Type of refrigerant
Refrigerant determined by the
required cooling temperature
Chlorinated fluorocarbons (CFCs) or
freons: R-11, R-12, R-21, R-22 and R502

15

Type of Refrigeration
Vapour Compression Refrigeration
Refrigeration & AC

Choice of compressor, design of

condenser, evaporator determined by
Refrigerant
Required cooling
Load
Ease of maintenance
Physical space requirements
Availability of utilities (water, power)
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Type of Refrigeration
Vapour Absorption Refrigeration
Refrigeration & AC

Condenser

Generator
Hot
Side

Evaporator
Cold
Side

Absorber

17

Type of Refrigeration
Vapour Absorption Refrigeration
Refrigeration & AC

Evaporator

18

Type of Refrigeration
Vapour Absorption Refrigeration
Refrigeration & AC

Absorber

19

Type of Refrigeration
Vapour Absorption Refrigeration
Refrigeration & AC

High pressure generator

20

Type of Refrigeration
Vapour Absorption Refrigeration
Refrigeration & AC

Condenser

21

Training Agenda: Refrigeration &

Air Conditioning

Refrigeration & AC

Introduction
Type of refrigeration
Type Of Air Conditioner

22

Types Of Air Conditioner

Air Conditioning System

Refrigeration & AC

An air conditioning system is an assembly of different part

of the system used produce a specified condition of air
within a require space or building.

The basic elements of air conditioning system:--

Fans : For circulation of air

Filters : For cleaning air

Heating Elements : Heating of air(It may be electric heater

, steam , hot
water.

Control System : It regulates automatically the amount of

cooling or
heating.

Grill : It adjust the direction of the conditioned air to the

room.

Tray : It collects condensed water.

Refrigerating Plant : provide cooling . It consist of

compressor/generator and
absorber,eveporator,condensor,expansion
device(capallary tube).

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Types Of Air Conditioner

Refrigeration & AC

Window Air Conditioner

Split Air Conditioners

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Types Of Air Conditioner

Window Air Conditioner

Refrigeration & AC
25

Types Of Air Conditioner

Window Air Conditioner

Refrigeration & AC

Working:--The air circulation system of the window air conditioner

comprises of the following parts (please refer fig 4 & 5).

1) Blower:This is the small blower that is fitted behind the evaporator or

cooling coil inside the assembly of the window air conditioner system. The
blower sucks the air from the room which first passes over the air filter and
gets filtered. The air then passes over the cooling coil and gets chilled. The
blower then blows this filtered and chilled air, which passes through the
supply air compartment inside the window air conditioner assembly. This air
is then delivered into the room from the supply air grill of the front panel.

2) Propeller fan or the condenser fan:The condenser fan is the forced

draft type of propeller fan that sucks the atmospheric air and blows it over
the condenser. The hot refrigerant inside the condenser gives up the heat to
the atmospheric air and its temperature reduces.

3) Fan motor:The motor inside the window air conditioner assembly is

located between the condenser and the evaporator coil. It has double shaft
on one side of which the blower is fitted and on the other side the condenser
fan is fitted. This makes the whole assembly of the blower, the condenser fan
and the motor highly compact.

26

Types Of Air Conditioner

Split Air Conditioner

Refrigeration & AC
27

Split Air Conditioner

The

Split Air Conditioner divided in two

parts:-(1)First part:-Include the
evaporator,filter,evaporator fan and grill.
They placed inside the room.
(2)Second part:-Include Condensor
,fan,compressor.This placed out side the
room.diameter tubes.therefore,small hole
rquired in wall of installation of split air
condition.The split air conditioning units
are available in capacity range of 1 to 3
tons.
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Training Session on Energy

Equipment

Refrigeration & AC

Refrigeration & Air

Conditioning Systems
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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