ISO 10110 Optical Drawing

Standards
Introduction to Opto-Mechanical Engineering
OPTI 521
University of Arizona, College of Optical
Sciences
Jason Lane
13 December 2009

ISO 10110
What is it?
ISO standard describing preparation of drawings for optical
elements and systems
Describes features unique to optical components builds
on GD&T standards (compatible with ASME Y14.5M)
ISO version of ASME Y14.18M (which will likely be
superseded by ISO 10110 or some equivalent).

Who uses it?

Almost all of the optical design / manufacturing industry.

Both internationally and in the U.S. All of the major
optical design packages output ISO 10110 compliant
element drawings.

Why do we
GD&T alone will not help you interpret an optical element
care?
or system drawing. ISO 10110 is essential, and ISO
compliant drawings will be encountered 99.99% of the
time. For example .

What do we do with this?

This is a
typical single
element ISO
10110
compliant
drawing
We will be
able to
interpret this
drawing at
the end of
the
presentation.

ISO 10110 consists of 13 Optical Drawing Parts

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.

General Differences between optical and mechanical drawings

Material imperfections Stress birefringence 0/
Material imperfections Bubbles and inclusions 1/
Material imperfections Inhomogeneity and striae 2/
Surface form tolerances 3/
Centring tolerances 4/ (note British English spelling .. Standard for
ISO)
Surface imperfection tolerances 5/
Surface texture
Surface treatment and coating
Table representing data of a lens element
Non-toleranced data
Aspheric surfaces
Laser irradiation damage threshold
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Material Imperfections
10110-2 thru 10110-4

2. Stress birefringence 0/X, where X is maximum birefringence in

nm/cm
3. Bubbles and Inclusions 1/NxA, where N is number of
permissible inclusions, and A is length of the side of a square in
mm. A2 is area that the bubble / inclusion obscures.
4. Inhomogeneity and striae 2/A;B
A is class number for inhomogeneity (variation in index of refraction
from nominal for (usually) the melt where the element came from)
B is class for striae (variations in index of refraction inside the element)

Surface form Tolerances

ISO 10110-5
5. Surface form tolerances - 3/A(B/C)
A is maximum spherical sag error from test plate
B is the p-v maximum irregularity
C is maximum rotationally symmetric p-v figure
error (best fit aspheric surface)
Units are fringes (one half wavelength,
standardized at 546.07 nm).
RMS specification for fringes can be used.

Example: 3/4(1): sag tolerance of 4 fringes,

p-v irregularity no greater than 1 fringe.
6

Centring and surface imperfection tolerances

ISO 10110-6 & 10110-7
4/, where is the angle between the datum and the surface
(wedge angle)

7. Surface imperfection tolerances - 5/NxA. Treated similar to

that of Part 3. Coating imperfections preceded by a C, long
scratches preceded by an L, and edge chips by an E.
Examples: 5/NxA; CNxA;LNxA,EA. A is the chip protrusion
from the edge.
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Surface Texture (Polish and Grind)

ISO 10110-8

Surface Treatment and Coatings

ISO 10110-9
Can be indicated one of two ways as shown in the figure below.
Fill in the box according to ISO 9211
Very important 4-part standard describing coatings
specifications
Nothing comparable in ASME/ANSI world
Example would be T = 0.9 for 450 < < 750.
Could also refer to a graph indicated elsewhere in the drawing
Could also refer to manufacturers coating trade name
Also indicate a surface to be cemented.

Compiling data in tabular form

ISO 10110-10
Can become cluttered for simple element
drawings. Tabular form provides simpler method
of presenting information to avoid ambiguity and
errors in reading
Major optical design programs have adopted
presenting ISO 10110 data in tabular form
ZEMAX - used by Navy
Code V - used by Raytheon (among others)

This will be most common drawing form

encountered

10

Tabular Form example

ISO 10110 compliant drawing as generated by Zemax prior to filling
out information

11

Non-toleranced Data
ISO 10110-11
ISO 10110 standardizes
tolerances when not
called out.
Default tolerances
Entirely different than
shop tolerances of
ASME Y14s.
WARNING: Tolerances
are very loose and may
lead to undesirable
consequences if not
carefully considered.
Note that tolerances
scale with size of parts
a European practice
rarely seen in U.S.
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Specifying Aspheres
ISO 10110-12
Similar to procedure as for ordinary surfaces
Exceptions:
Surface type is called out clearly asphere or by type
of asphere for standard types
Equation which describes the surface is given in a note.
Slope tolerance (rate of change in surface sag) and
sampling length should be specified)
Datums defined differently than in ISO 5459 (the GD&T
ISO) due to fact that aspheric surfaces are located
mechanically during fabrication and when mounting. If
alternate datum is desired, a note on the drawing
should be included
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Laser Damage Thresholds

ISO 10110-13
Indication is given by
6/Hth; ; pdg; fp; nTS x np for pulsed lasers
6/Eth; ; nTS for continuous lasers.

6/ is the indication for laser damage specification.

is the wavelength of the laser.
pdg is the pulse duration group number from ISO 11254
fp is the pulse repetition rate in Hz
nTS is the number of test sites on the sample surface
np is the number of laser pulses applied to each site.
Hth is expressed in terms of maximum energy density (J/cm 2)
Eth is the maximum power density (W/cm2) for continuous
tests.
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Returning to our ISO 10110 drawing

15

Explanation for the callouts on the

preceding drawing
Specifications
R1, R2
Center Thickness
Material

Value
58.6 / 277
5
N-SK15 or equivalent

Lens diameter

25 +0.01/-0

Clear (Effective)
Aperture
Stress birefringence
Bubbles and inclusion

22.5 +0.1 / - 0

Inhomogeneity and
Striae
Surface form error for
both surfaces

2/2:3

Centering error
Surface form error

4/0.3
5/5x0.05;L1x0.001;E0.
5

Laser damage
threshold
AR coating

0.5 J/cm2

0/5
1/1x0.1

3/0.25(0.2/0.125)

T > 90% for spectral

Notes
Tolerances are +/- 0.15 for R1, +/- 0.8 for R2
Default tolerance (+/- 0.2)

Maximum OPD is 5nm/cm

Allow up to 1 inclusion, no larger than 100 um in size,
over clear aperture
Homogeneity class 2 is +/-5e-06
Striae class 3 is < 2%
0.25 fringe of sag (power) error
0.2 fringe of irregularity error
0.125 fringe of symmetric irregularity error
Element wedge is 0.3 arc minute
Allow up to 5 digs, each no larger than 50 um in size,
over the clear aperture
Allow 1 additional long scratch, no wider than 1um and
longer than 4mm over the optical clear aperture
(this is a 10-5 scratch/dig spec)
Allow 1 edge chip no larger than 0.5 mm. Polish out all
edge chips
=1053 nm
16
3 ns FWHM Gaussian pulse

References for further

information

Tutorial on ISO 10110 Optical Drawing Standards,

Jason Lane. Tutorial white paper which accompanies
this presentation (lists all the ISO standards relating
to optics and optical systems). See me for copy.
ISO 10110 Optics and Optical Instruments
Preparation of drawings for optical elements and
systems: A Users Guide by Ronald K. Kimmel and
Robert E. Parks
The ISO 10110 standards themselves (and ISO 9211)
SPIE regularly hosts ISO 10110 short courses taught
by David M. Aikens. Available on spie.org website

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