How Household Surveys Influence

Policy Decision Making

Carmelita N. Ericta
Administrator,
National Statistics Office

Topics
I. Framework for Policy Analysis
II. Sources Of Data
III. NSO HH Surveys as Source of Data
IV. Recommendations

Policy Analysis Framework

Problem ID

Use of
Services &
Facilities

Environment

Allocate
Resources

Services &
Facilities
15 December 2005

(Presented to UPLB students of SOC 140)

Sources of Data
Censuses
Surveys
Administrative Reporting Systems

Sources of Data
Problem ID

Use of
Services &
Facilities

15 December 2005

Censuses
and
Surveys
Allocate
Resources
Environment
Administrative
Reporting
Systems
Services &
Facilities
(Presented to UPLB students of SOC 140)

In problem identification, statistics

help to answer such questions as

What is the problem?

Who are affected by the problem?
How many are they?
Where are they?
Why do they have the problem?
Do they have access to services and facilities?
Do they use available services and facilities?

15 December 2005

(Presented to UPLB students of SOC 140)

In problem identification, use

Census data
Survey data
Data from administrative reporting systems
Combination of census and survey data
Combination of data from two or more
surveys
Combination of data from surveys and
administrative reporting systems

15 December 2005

(Presented to UPLB students of SOC 140)

Data on Censuses
Internal Revenue Allocation
Creation/Conversion/Splitting/Merging of
LGUs
Definition of Congressional districts
Allocation of Services (e.g., schools,
hospitals, police)
Housing Programs
8

 Comprehensive and accurate data on areas of

concern such as population, employment,
housing, education, health, poverty, are
essential in the formulation of policies and
plans, evaluation of programs, and
rationalization of budget.

Commonwealth Act 591

Mandated NSO to conduct by
enumeration, sampling or other
methods, for statistical purposes,
studies of the social and economic
situations of the country.

10

III. NSO HH Surveys as Source of Data

Regular HH Surveys:
Labor Force Survey quarterly
Survey on Overseas Filipinos annual
Family Income and Expenditure Survey 3 years
Annual Poverty Indicator Survey between FIES
years
National Demographic and Health Survey 5
years
11

III. NSO HH Surveys as Source of Data

HH Surveys in partnership with other agencies
Functional Literacy, Education and Mass Media
Survey 2008
Household Energy Consumption Survey 2011
Household Survey on Domestic Visitors 2010
Family Health Survey - 2011
Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2009
Survey on Children - 2011

12

III. NSO HH Surveys as Source of Data

Availability of Survey Results:

QuickStats
Press releases
Special releases
Formal publications
Public Use Files

13

III. NSO HH Surveys as Source of Data

Availability of Survey Results:

Printed publications
Electronic publications
Website
Public Use Files

14

III. NSO HH Surveys as Source of Data

Household surveys need a lot of
resources.
But they are worth the expense.
FIES PhP 150 million
Used for taxation, monetary policy, poverty
alleviation, wage-setting, and other policies.
Used by the private sector for market research.

15

Data users and producers need to

work together.
Data User
Knows what the policy
concerns are
Need guidance on
available data
May or may not need
guidance on statistical
analysis

15 December 2005

Data Producer
Knows what and how
statistics can be made
available
Need guidance on priority
data needs
Can provide guidance on
statistical analysis

(Presented to UPLB students of SOC 140)

16

IV. Recommendations

Close coordination between data users and

data producers
Allocate adequate amounts for problem
identification, monitoring and evaluation

17

www.census.gov.ph

Thank You!
18

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators
Labor Force Survey (LFS)
designed to provide statistics on levels and
trends of employment, unemployment and
underemployment for the country
Quarterly Survey (January, April, July, and
October)

19

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Survey on Overseas Filipinos (SOF)

to provide data on overseas Filipinos particularly the

overseas contract workers and their contribution to the
economy

to obtain national estimates on the number of overseas

Filipinos including overseas workers, and their socioeconomic characteristics

to provide estimates on the amount of remittances in

cash and in kind received by the families and the mode
of remittance
20

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Survey on Overseas Filipinos (SOF)

Major Indicators
Distribution of Overseas Filipino Workers by

Sex and Region

Place of work

Cash remittance

Major occupation

21

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators
Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES)
nationwide survey of households undertaken
together with the Labor Force Survey in July and
January of FIES years
Two-phase survey (first visit conducted
last July 2009; second visit in January 2010)

22

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

FIES Objectives
to gather data on family income and family living
expenditures and related information affecting
income and expenditure levels and patterns in
the Philippines;
to determine degree of income inequality among
families;
to provide benchmark information to update
weights in the estimation of consumer price
index.
23

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

FIES Objectives
to provide information for the estimation of the
country's poverty threshold and incidence.
to provide information for the estimation of
household account in the System of National
Accounts and balances

24

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES)

Major Indicators

Total Family Income

Average Family Income

Total Family Expenditures

Average Expenditures

Total Family Savings

Average Family Savings

Poverty Incidence

Average Per Capita Income

25

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Annual Poverty Indicators Survey (APIS)

APIS is a sample survey designed to
provide information on the different nonincome indicators related to poverty.
used like FIES in the measurement of
human development index and in the
System of National Account.
module on social protection is included in
the 2011 APIS
26

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Annual Poverty Indicators Survey (APIS)

eighth in a series of nationwide poverty indicators
survey undertaken by the NSO to be conducted in
July 2011
2002, 2004, 2007, 2008 and 2010 (conducted in
the month of July)
1998 and 1999 APIS were both conducted in the
month of October

27

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Annual Poverty Indicators Survey (APIS)

To provide access and impact indicators that can be used

as inputs to the development of an integrated poverty
indicator and monitoring system.

To provide data on socio-economic profile of Filipino

families and other information relating to their living
conditions.

To supplement the identification of poor families through

the use of indicators other than those based on income.

28

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

National Demographic and Health Survey

(NDHS)
designed to provide up-to-date information on
population, family planning and health to assist
policymakers and program managers in
evaluating and designing strategies for
improving health and family planning services in
the country.
Latest 2008 NDHS

29

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

National Demographic and Health Survey

(NDHS)
Collect data at the national level for the estimate of
fertility and under-five mortality rate
Analyze the direct and indirect factors that
determine the level and trends of fertility
Measure the level of contraceptive knowledge and
practice by method, urban-rural residence, region

30

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

National Demographic and Health Survey

(NDHS)
Collect data on knowledge and attitudes of
women and men about STI and HIV/AIDS;
evaluate pattern on condom use
Collect high quality data on family health

31

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS)

Major Indicators
- Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (CPR)
- Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
- Percentage of Fully Immunized Children
- Fertility Preferences
- Coverage of Antenatal Care

32

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Survey on Children (SOC)

nationwide sample survey designed to collect
data on the demographic and socio-economic
characteristics of working children with ages 5
to 17
Objectives
to provide data on the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the working
children aged 5-17 years, as well as those of
households they belong to
33

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators
Objectives (continued)
to determine the factors affecting Filipino child
development and well-being
to monitor the existence of child labor - extent,
reasons, and dangers of the working children
to provide information to public authorities and
concerned citizens for use in developing
effective policies and strategies to help the
Filipino child live a healthy, active and rewarding
life he/she deserves.
34

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Survey on Children (SOC)

Major Indicators

Number of Working Children

Occupation and Industry of Working Children

Status of Employment

Nature of Employment

Place of Work

Basis of Payment
35

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Survey on Children (SOC)

Major Indicators
Earnings and Savings
Risk and Dangers at Work
Supervision at Work
Tools/Equipment and Safety Gadgets Used

Years conducted:
1996
2001
2011
36

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Household Energy Consumption Survey (HECS)

a collaborative effort between NSO and

Department of Energy (DOE).
gathers data on household energy consumption,
application and other relevant factors affecting
such consumption.
covers a nationwide sample of not less than
12,500 households that are deemed sufficient to
measure the levels and pattern of energy
consumption by households, at the national
level.
37

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

HECS Objectives
To determine household utilization of fuels,
energy
supply
systems
and
appliances/device/equipment/motor vehicles.
To identify patterns of energy use among
households.
To assess the potential household energy
conservation
and
demand
management
techniques and inter fuel substitution.
To measure the incidence of cooking fuel
switching and other changes in fuel
consumption patterns.
38

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Household Energy Consumption Survey (HECS)

To determine the awareness of the household on

governments lighting and appliances labeling programs.

To determine the awareness of the household on natural

gas as fuel substitute for cooking, heating and cooling.
Years conducted:
1989 1994 2004

2011

39

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Household Energy Consumption Survey (HECS)

Major Indicators
- Household energy consumption
- Fuel Source and Mode of Acquisition
- Average Fuel Price
- Fuel Preference
- Primary Cooking Fuel Switching

40

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Household Survey on Domestic Visitors

(HSDV)
- nationwide survey designed to collect and update
data on domestic tourism
- joint efforts of the Dept. of Tourism and NSO
Primary Objective

To gather data on household information on domestic

tourism that are vital to the effective and efficient
development and implementation of tourism plans and
programs
41

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Household Survey on Domestic Visitors (HSDV)

Specific Objectives

To provide baseline data to measure the volume of domestic

tourism
Determine the profile and travel characteristics of domestic
visitors
Identify the travel patterns of the Filipino households
Estimate the extent and economic contribution of domestic
tourism in the country

Years conducted:
2004
2009
42

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Household Survey on Domestic Visitors (HSDV)

Major Indicators
- Type of Visitors Received by the Household

- Length of Stay
- Expenses Incurred by the Visitors During their
Household
- Ownership of Vacation House
- Expenses Incurred by the Households
- Domestic Travellers
- Intention to travel in the Next 12 months
- Availment of Package Tour

Stay in the

43

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Functional Literacy and Mass Media Survey

(FLEMMS)
FLEMMS is a nationwide survey that gathers
information on functional literacy status,
educational and skills qualification and
exposure to mass media of the population.

44

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Functional Literacy and Mass Media Survey

(FLEMMS)
The purpose of the FLEMMS is to provide a
quantitative framework that will serve as basis on
the formulation of policies and programs on the
improvement of literacy and educational status of
the population and improvement of mass services
to the public.
Functional literacy is one of the components of
Human Development Index
45

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Functional Literacy and Mass Media Survey

(FLEMMS)
Basically, the survey aims:
estimate the proportion of the population who
are basically and functionally literate
determine the educational skills qualifications
determine the mass media exposure

46

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Functional Literacy and Mass Media

Survey (FLEMMS)

th FLEMMS- 2008

rd FLEMMS- 2003
nd FLEMMS - 1994
st FLEMMS - 1989
47

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Family Planning Survey (FPS)

FPS is a nationwide survey rider to the Labor
Force Survey (LFS). The survey was conducted
among the female members aged 15-49 years
old.
USAID is the funding agency of this survey.
FPS is designed to provide up-to-date
information on contraceptive use in the country.
It also generates important indicators on
maternal and child health.
48

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Family Planning Survey (FPS)

to determine the contraceptive prevalence rate

and contraceptive method mix.
to determine the source of supplies and services for
selected modern contraceptive methods.
to determine the unmet need for family planning.
to determine contraceptive discontinuation rates,
method-specific discontinuation rates, and contraceptive
switching.

49

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Family Planning Survey (FPS)

to determine the potential demand for selected
contraceptive methods.
to measure the percentage of births whose
mothers are highly exposed to maternityrelated risk.
to determine the percentage of children
protected at birth against neonatal tetanus and
of births attended by professional health
workers.
50

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Family Planning Survey (FPS)

to determine the percentage of women
breastfeeding and the median duration of
breastfeeding
to determine the percentage of children 6 to
59 months old who receive vitamin A

51

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Family Planning Survey (FPS)

FPS started in 1995. In year 2004
onward, the FPS includes the Maternal
and Child Health indicators.
FPS is conducted annually except NDHS
years
Current available data: 2006

52

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Family Planning Survey (FPS)

Major Indicators
Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (CPR)
Unmet Need for Family Planning
Contraceptive Switching
Contraceptive Discontinuation
Pre Natal Care and Breastfeeding
Practices
53

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Family Health Survey (FHS)

Provides information on maternal and child
health, family planning, and other healthrelated concerns.
Stand alone survey, and involved
interviewing women 15 to 49 years old
USAID and WB provided funding assistance

54

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators
The survey aims to provide information on maternal and
child health, family planning, and other health-related
concerns. Specifically, it will generate the following
indicators:
CPR and contraceptive method mix;
Source of supplies and services for selected modern
contraceptive methods;
Unmet need for family planning;
Differentials in the use of contraceptive method by
age, place of residence, education, occupation, and
socio-economic status;

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators
Reasons for non-use of family planning;
High-risk fertility behaviour;
Under-five mortality and maternal mortality;
Provision of selected essential new born care to
infants;
Breastfeeding;
Fully immunized children;
Prevalence and management of diarrhea and acute
respiratory infection;

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators
Percentage of children 6 to 59 months old who receive
Vitamin A;
Frequency and timing of ante-natal visits;
Frequency of post-natal check-ups within first week of
delivery;
Deliveries attended by professional health workers,
and births delivered at health facilities;
Health-seeking behavior among TB symptomatic; and
Health facility utilization and PhilHealth coverage and
utilization.

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Family Health Survey (FHS)

contraceptive prevalence rate and contraceptive
method mix;
source of supplies and services for selected
modern contraceptive methods;
current level of unmet need for family planning;
differentials in the use of contraceptive method by
age, place of residence, education, occupation, and
socio-economic status;

58

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Family Health Survey (FHS)

reasons for non-use of family planning;
percentage of births where mothers and their
children are subject to elevated risks of morbidity
and mortality;
measure of under-five mortality and maternal
mortality;
selected essential new born care to infants;

59

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Family Health Survey (FHS)

percentage of women breastfeeding, the median
duration of breastfeeding; and prevalence of
breastfeeding among infants up to six months;
percentage of fully immunized children, and the level
of coverage for the various recommended vaccines;
prevalence and management of diarrhea and acute
respiratory infection among under five children;

60

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Family Health Survey (FHS)

- percentage of children 6 to 59 months old and receive
Vitamin A;
frequency and timing of ante-natal visits and the
services provided during such visits;
- frequency of post-natal check-ups within first week of
delivery;
percentage of deliveries attended by professional
health workers, and births delivered at health facilities;

61

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Family Health Survey (FHS)

- health-seeking behavior among TB symptomatic;
and
- health facility utilization and Philhealth coverage
and utilization.

62

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators

Latest survey innovation is through the

use of handheld technology (iPAQ) for
the
Global Adult Tobacco Survey
(GATS)

63

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators
a Bloomberg Global Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use
household-based survey that tracks
prevalence (cigarette smoking and other
tobacco use)
second-hand smoking,
cessation,
Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions
exposure to media and price as well as taxation
issues.

64

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators
implemented through close coordination and partnership
among:
Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC)
CDC Foundation
World Health Organization (WHO)
Research Triangle Institute (RTI)
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School

of Public Health
65

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators
Implementing Agencies
National Statistics Office
Preparatory Activities
Data Collection
Tabulation

Department of Health
Data Analyses,
Report Writing
Data Dissemination

66

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators
GATS Objectives

a nationally representative household adult

survey developed to systematically monitor adult
tobacco use (smoking and smokeless) and track
key tobacco control interventions.

intends to provide estimates of tobacco use,

exposure to second-hand smoking and frequency
of quit attempts at the urban/rural and by gender
level.

67

III. NSO Surveys as Source of Social

Indicators
GATS Objectives

aims to analyze indicators of smoke-free air at home and public

places;

analyze economic indicators such as average price paid per

cigarette during last purchase and percentage of current smokers
by cigarette brand;
Analyze indicators of media exposure for counter and pro
tobacco;
Analyze indicators of acknowledgement of health effects.

68

NSO Website
www.census.gov.ph

Thank You!
69