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Dentition
Introduction
:Dental Anatomy Includes
.Nomenclature & terminology- 1
B. The mandible is
a horse-shoe
shaped bone which
articulates with the
skull by way of the
temporo-mandibular
joint the TMJ.
Quadrants: Right Left
right & left
quadrants
Maxillary right
and left.
Mandibular
right
4 left.
and
Quadrants Right Left
Functions of Teeth
1- Mastication:
teeth are designed to perform this function.
Incisors Canine Premolars Molars
3- Speech:
for clear pronunciation and
production of sound.
4- Growth of jaws:
The teeth play a role in the growth of the jaws in some
periods of life.
Types of Teeth
Types of
Teeth Anterior Teeth
for
cutting & tearing
food
Posterior Teeth
Anterior Teeth-
Upper
Upper
First premolar
&
Second premolar
Lower
Molars:
Upper
Lower
Wisdom tooth =
Third permanent molar
Types of Dentitions:
Primary & Permanent
Dentition
Types of Dentitions:
I-Primary Dentition
Deciduous ,baby, milk
teeth:
a. Twenty ( 20)
primary teeth.
b. 10 in each arch
c. 5 in each quadrant
In function:
2 years 12 years
I-Primary
Dentition
Mixed Dentition
Period
6 years 12 years
Eruption Shedding
of of
first last
permanent primary
molar molar
6 years eruption of first permanent molar
12 years Shedding of last primary molar
II-Permanent Dentition
In
function:
12 years
through
out
life
Permanent Teeth
Tooth Identification
Systems
Numbering or Coding Systems
2.Universal System
7
6
8-1 5
1-8
4
3
1 2
It represents the four quadrants of the dentition
as if you are facing the patient.
In upper right In upper left
In lower right In lower left
The permanent
Horizontal teeth
and vertical lines are numbered
= symbol for the quadran
from 1-8 on each side from the
midline.
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 Lower right Lower
Palmer Notation System
A
or Primary Teeth B
C
E-A D A-E
E
E-A A-E
The deciduous teeth are lettered
from A-E on each side from the midline
E D C B A A B C D E
E D C B A A B C D E
L.R. 4 3 L. L. L.R. 8 7
L.L.
2- For permanent Teeth
International
12 11 21 22
13 23
14 24
System 15
16
25
26
(Two Digit 17 27
System) 18 28
rst Digit = quadrant
“FDI” 38
Federation 48
1 2
Dentaire 47
37
46 36
International
35
4 3 45
44
43
34
42 41 31 3233
ond Digit = Tooth number in the quadran
b- The second digit is located at the right side of the
number
and indicates the number of the tooth in the quadrant.
Primary Teeth
55 54 53 52 51 61 62 63 64 65
85 84 83 82 81 71 72 73 74 75
Universal
system
for
Permane
nt Teeth
Universal
System
for Primary
Teeth
Macro & Micro-anatomy
of Teeth
crown
neck
root
Surrounding Bone:
Crypt developing tooth
Socket erupted tooth root
Anatomical Crown & Clinical Crown
Single-rooted Multi-rooted
Micro-anatomy of Teeth
Pulp Cavity
1-Coronal pulp:
•Pulp chamber
•Pulp horns
2-Radicular pulp:
•Root canal
•Apical foramen
Pulp Cavity in Root
2-Radicular pulp:
•Root canal
•Apical foramen
Surfaces
of
Teeth
Surfaces of teeth are identified by
the relationship to
surrounding orofacial structures
Each tooth
has
Five
surfaces:
1.Facial
2.Lingual,
3.Mesial, and
4. Distal (proximal)
5.Functioning surf.
(Incisal) occlusal,
FACIAL SURFACE
any surface on the outside
(towards the face)
1.LABIAL is facial
surface of the
anterior teeth
(green),
2. BUCCAL is the
facial surface
of the posterior
teeth (blue).
Inter-proximal
surfaces:
Surfaces in between two teeth:
PALATAL palatal
on the maxilla.
Functioning Surfaces:
chewing/biting surfaces of teeth :
:Line angle
It is formed by the junction
of two surfaces
and its name is derived
from both surfaces
:Point angle
It is formed by the junction
of three surfaces
and its name is derived
.from these surfaces
Line Angles
of Anterior Teeth
Line Angles
of Posterior Teeth
Point Angles
Meeting of 3 surfaces
Division into Thirds
Anatomical Landmarks
of the Crown
Developmental data:
:Lobe
•It is one of the primary
centers of calcification and
growth formed during the
crown development.
premolars
Maxillary molars
Mandibular molars
A- Crown Elevations:
1-Mamelons 2-Cingulum 3-Cusps
Ridge or elevation
of enamel forming
•Linear ridges:
the margin of the Elevated portions
surface of a tooth; of tooth run in a
Transverse Ridge line named for
• on mesial /distal
margins of lingual their location
surfaces anterior •Cervical
teeth. •Incisal
• mesial & distal •Labial
margins of occlusal •Buccal
surfaces posterior
teeth Oblique Ridge •Lingual
B-Crown
Depressions
Linear Depressions Irregular Depressions
1-Developmental 1-Fossa
grooves: Depression or concavity
Shallow grooves that
separate cusps or primary
parts of teeth
2- Supplemental
grooves:
•Small , irregularly placed •Lingual
auxiliary grooves. fossa
•Branches from developmental grooves.
•They do not denote union of primary
lobes. •triangular
•The third molars followed by second fossae
permanent molars are characterized by
high number of supplemental grooves. •Central
fossa
Linear Depressions Irregular Depressions
3- Fissures 2- PITS:
• Found in the bottom of
•b- FAULTY PIT:
developmental grooves.
• Develop as a result
•Result from incomplete union of
• of incomplete formation of
the primary lobes.
enamel.
•Represent a fault in enamel.
• It is located at the end of
the buccal developmental
grooves of the lower molars or
palatal developmental
grooves of the upper molars.