Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)

International Finance Corporation (IFC)

International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
(ICSID)

Muhammad Faisal B. Mohmad Zamir

Mohamad Amir Ridzuan B. Mohamed Ahyer
Muhammad Rusydi B. Jamaluddin
Mohd. Nizar B. Mohd. Johari
Izham B. Ahmad
 History of International
Finance Corporation  (IFC)
member of the World Bank Group and is
headquartered in Washington, DC
shares the primary objective of all World
Bank Group institutions
Established in 1956,the largest
multilateral source of loan and equity
financing for private sector projects in
the developing world
has 182 member countries; collectively
determine its policies and approve
investments

 Roles of International
Finance Corporation  (IFC)
Financing private sector projects and
companies located in the developing
world
Helping private companies in the
developing world mobilize financing in
international financial markets
Providing advice and technical assistance
to businesses and governments
IFC helps companies and financial
institutions in emerging markets create
jobs, generate tax revenues, improve
corporate governance and
environmental performance, and
contribute to their local communities
Development of IFC
IFC invests in enterprises majority-owned by
the private sector throughout most
developing countries in the world.
There are include:
1.Sub-Saharan Africa
2.East Asia & the Pacific
3.South Asia
4.Europe & Central Asia
5.Latin America & the Caribbean
6.Middle East & North Africa

IFC has 182 member countries. To join IFC, a
country must:


Be a member of the World Bank (IBRD);

Have signed IFC's Articles of Agreement;
and
Have deposited with the World Bank Group's
Corporate Secretariat an Instrument of
Acceptance of IFC's Articles of Agreement
The initiatives include:


Debt & Asset Recovery Program

Microfinance Enhancement Facility
Trade Finance Programs
IFC Capitalization Fund
Infrastructure Crisis Facility
IFC Advisory Services
Targeted Regional Responses

About Multilateral Investment
Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
As a member of the World
Bank Group, MIGA's mission
is to promote foreign direct
investment (FDI) into
developing countries to
help support economic
growth, reduce poverty, and
improve people's lives.
The FDI Programme
The private sectors must help the
government in order to reduce the
government burden.
Such as they can build roads, schools,
houses for poor and many more.
Furthermore, it can helps the government to
improve the economies grow by providing
jobs and spend money to invest for
factories, agriculture sectors and tourism.


Role of MIGA
providing political risk insurance
for foreign investments in
developing countries 

helps countries define and
implement strategies to
promote investment through
technical assistance
services(also known as
Foreign Investment and
Advisory Services)

attracting investors and private
insurers into difficult operating
environments

offers comparative advantages in
areas such as countries eligible
for assistant, conflict- affected
environment and complex deal
in infrastructures


ability to restore the business

community's confidence, for
ongoing collaboration with
the public and private insurance
market
MIGA’s development
MIGA’s political risk insurance
encourages responsible and
sustainable foreign direct
investment, which promotes
growth, creates jobs, and
improves the lives of people in
developing countries.

According to the 2008 Global
Development Finance report,
private capital inflows to
developing countries surged to
MIGA can play a critical role in encouraging FDI
back into a country after a period of conflict.
Since its inception, MIGA has supported 159
projects with guarantees totaling $2.9 billion
in 24 conflict-affected countries.

The development benefits have been far-
reaching: providing basic infrastructure;
getting financial sectors back on their feet;
allowing governments to allocate limited
funds to critical social programs; and
restoring private sector confidence.
History of International Centre for
Settlement of Investment
Disputes(ICSID)
 ICSID is an autonomous international institution
established under the Convention on the
Settlement of Investment Disputes between
States and Nationals of Other States with over
one hundred and forty three member States.
 The ICSID Convention is a multilateral treaty
formulated by the Executive Directors of the
International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (the World Bank). It was opened
for signature on March 18, 1965 and entered
into force on October 14, 1966.
 ICSID was created by the Convention as an
impartial international forum providing
facilities for the resolution of legal disputes
between eligible parties, through conciliation
or arbitration procedures. Recourse to the
Con’t..
ICSID was created by the Convention as
an impartial international forum
providing facilities for the resolution of
legal disputes between eligible parties,
through conciliation or arbitration
procedures.
Recourse to the ICSID facilities is always
subject to the parties' consent.

Today, ICSID is considered to be the
leading international arbitration
institution devoted to investor-State
ROLES OF ICSID
Part of the World Bank Group, is an
arbitration forum between governments
and foreign investors to settle investment
disputes.

ICSID's organizational structure consists of
an administrative council chaired by the
World Bank president and a secretariat.
The ICSID secretariat supports the tribunals
and committees that form during an
arbitration.

ICSID's role in settling disputes that have
arisen out of the measures a government
has taken to shield its citizens from
economic crisis is controversial, and it
remains to be seen how the global crisis of
2008 may see a turning of the tables
towards investors from the South bringing
cases against government's of the North.

DEVELOPMENT OF ICSID

Use of ICSID has expanded rapidly as
bilateral investment treaties (BITs) have
increased from 385 in 1989 to over 3,000
today, with two thirds of international
investment disputes going through ICSID.
Correspondingly, ICSID's revenues from
arbitration proceedings have increased
from $250,000 a decade ago to $17 million
in 2008.
ICSID was established with 20 members
through a Convention in 1966. Today there
are 143 contracting states. Bolivia is the
only country to have officially withdrawn
from ICSID in 2007 and Ecuador recently
has begun the exit procedure .

ICSID has an Administrative Council and a
Secretariat. The Administrative Council is
chaired by the World Bank's President and
consists of one representative of each
State which has ratified the Convention.
Annual meetings of the Council are held in
conjunction with the joint Bank/Fund
annual meetings.
Activities
 ICSID provides facilities for the conciliation
and arbitration of disputes between
member countries and investors who
qualify as nationals of other member
countries.

 ICSID in the field of the settlement of
disputes has consisted in the Secretary-
General of ICSID accepting to act as the
appointing authority of arbitrators for ad
hoc (i.e., non-institutional) arbitration
proceedings.
ICSID also carries on advisory and research
activities, publishing Investment Laws of
the World and of Investment Treaties,
and collaborates with other World Bank
Group units. Since April 1986, the Centre
has published a semi-annual law journal
entitled ICSID Review-Foreign
Investment Law Journal.