HEALTH PROVISIONS…

 Factories Act contain details regarding health

of workers. Let us discuss these provisions…
CLEANLINESS….

 The working conditions should be clean and

safe.
 Clean the floor once a week at least
 White wash every 14 months
 Paint / varnish every 5 years
 Daily sweeping
 Register of coloring must be maintained (as
per factories act)
Disposal of wastes and effluents…

 Thereshould be proper arrangements or

disposal of wastes and effluents due to the
manufacturing process carried on therein.
Ventilation and temperature….

 Proper level of ventilation temperature and

humidity must be maintained.
 Make provisions for reducing excess heat.
 (a) adequate ventilation by the circulation of
fresh air, and
 (b) such temperature level that will be secure
to workers therein and reasonable conditions
of comfort and prevent injury to health.
Dust and fumes….

 Effective measures should be taken to minimize

dust.
 Effective measures shall be taken to prevent its
accumulation in any work-room and its inhalation by
workers and
 If any exhaust appliance is necessary for this
purpose, it shall be applied as near as possible to
the point of origin of the dust, fume or other impurity,
and such point shall be enclosed so far as possible.
Artificial Humidification

 If you maintain artificial humidification (like in

textile units), keep it in limits.
 If humidity of the air is artificially increased,
the water used for the purpose shall be
effectively purified before it is so used.
Overcrowding …

 No work-room in any factory shall be over-crowded to

an extent injurious to the health of the workers
employed therein.
 At least 350 cubic feet of space in the case of a factory
in existence on the date of the commencement of the
Labor Laws (Amendment) Ordinance, 1972
 But at least 500 cubic feet of space in the case of a
factory built after the commencement of the Labor Laws
(Amendment) Ordinance, 1972.
LIGHTING

 In every part of a factory there should be -

 (a) sufficient and suitable lighting, natural or artificial, or both

 (b) emergency lighting in work-room and passages in case of a

failure of the ordinary electric system.

 (3) In every factory there should be prevention of -

 (a) glare either directly from any source of light or by reflection.

 (b) the formation of shadows to such an extent as to cause eye

strain or risk of accident to any worker.
Drinking Water

 There should be drinking water (wholesome water)

 They should be at convenient location, marked as
drinking water. They should be at least 6 meters
away from washer room / rest room
 If >250 workers are working, then have cool water
facility also.
Spittoons…

 There should be sufficient number of

spittoons.
 shall be maintained in a clean and hygienic
condition.
 at convenient places
SAFETY OF WORKERS..
Fencing of machinery…

 Every dangerous parts must be securely fenced.

 (a) every moving part of a prime mover, and every fly
wheel connected to a prime mover (generators,
motors etc.)
 (b) the headrace and tailrace of every water wheel
and water turbine;
 (c) any part of a stock-bar which projects beyond
head stock of a lathe.
Machines in motions…

 There should be examination of machines in

motion. They should be properly examined.
 No women or child should be allowed to work
on prime mover etc. when it is in motion.
Employment of young persons on
dangerous machines…

 No child or adolescent should be allowed to

work on dangerous machines (unless he has
been trained, and is under supervision).
 Child = less than 15 years of age
 Adolescent = 15 to 18 years.
Striking gears..

 There should be suitable striking gears etc.

to switch off the power, so that if there is any
emergency, we should be able to avoid the
accidents.
Self acting machines…

 Make sure that no person should walk in a

space where self action machines are in
motion.
 No one should be allowed to run on its
outward or inward traverse within a distance
of eighteen inches from any fixed structure
which is not part of the machine
Casing of new machines…

 There should be casing of new machines, its

dangerous parts etc.

Cotton openers…
 No woman or child shall be employed in any part
of a factory for pressing cotton in which a cotton-
opener is at work
Hoists and lifts…

 Every hoist and lift should be in good condition,

and properly checked. The maximum load it can
carry – must be clearly mentioned. The gates
should be locked by interlocking / safe method (it
should not open in between).
 These should be thoroughly examined every 12
months
Revolving machines…

 Thebursting of flywheel or the failure of

abrasive wheel can cause great damage.

 Maximumsafe speed must be mentioned for

each machine.

 The
maximum speed about revolving
machine must be mentioned.
Pressure plant…

 There should be safe working pressure on pressure plants to avoid the

danger of an explosion or plant failure in a crowded factory.

Floors, stairs and means of access.

In every factory -
 All floors, stairs, passages and gangways shall be of sound construction
and properly maintained.
 where it is necessary to ensure safety, steps, stairs, ladders, passages and
gangways shall be provided with substantial handrails
Pits, sumps, opening in floors, etc.

 In every factory, every fixed vessel, sump,

tank pit or opening in the ground or in floor
which by reason of its depth, situation,
construction or contents, is or may be a
source of danger, shall be either securely
covered or securely fenced.
Excessive weight..

 Noperson should be employed to hold more

weight than the person can hold.
Eyes..
 Givegoggles if workers have to work on
something stretching to the eyes i.e. excessive
heat and lighting and particles or fragments
thrown off in the course of the process .

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Dangerous fumes etc…

 Don’temploy workers in places where

dangerous flame / fumes could be there.

Explosives..
 Takeall measures for safe handling of
dangerous chemicals to avoid explosions.
Precaution in case of fire

 There should be separate exit for cases of

fire.
 There should be fire extinguishers etc.