CHALLENGES IN

EMBEDDED
SYSTEM DESIGN
Presented by
SUNIL A.G.

CONTENTS

Introduction to embedded systems.

Design of embedded system in general
Amount of hardware needed.
Optimizing power dissipation.
Testing ,reliability and verification.
Security requirements of system
summary

EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

What is an embedded system?

An embedded system is an engineering artifact involving
computation that is subject to physical constraints.

An embedded system is a computer system that cannot be

programmed by the user because it is pre-programmed for
a specific task and embedded within the equipment which
it serves

SYSTEMS DESIGN IN GENERAL.

Embedded systems design.

Systems design is the process of deriving, from requirements, a

model from which a system can be generated more or less
automatically.

software design is the process of deriving a program that can be

compiled;

Hardware design, the process of deriving a hardware description

from which a circuit can be synthesized

two types of physical constraints

reaction constraints and execution constraint

Reaction constraints are studied in control theory

execution constraints, in computer engineering.

AMOUNT AND TYPE OF

HARDWARE NEEDED

Optimizing:
microprocessors, and single purpose processors in the system

according to the performance,power dissipation, cost and

other designmetrics the system.

hardware (memory RAM, ROMor internal and external flash or

secondarymemory in the system, peripherals and devices internal
and external to the system,ports and buses in the system and
powersource or battery in the system).

TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE

DESIGN METRICS
Design metrics examples
Power dissipation,
physical size,
number of development and
manufacturing costs.
Reliability
Designing reliable product by appropriate
design and thorough testing, verification
and validation is a challenge.

OPTIMIZING THE POWER

DISSIPATION
Clock Rate Reduction
Operating Voltage Reduction
Wait, Stop and Cache Disable Instructions
Clever real- time programming.
It is by using of 'Wait' and 'Stop' instructions
anddisabling or controlling certain units
whennot needed is one method of saving
powerduring program executio

COMMON SECURITY REQUIREMENTS

OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS.

TESTING, VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION

Testing to find errors and to validate that

the implemented software is as per the
specifications and requirements to get
reliable product.
Verification refers to an activity to ensure
that specific functions are correctly
implemented.
Validation refers to an activity to ensure
that the system that has been created is as
per requirements agreed upon at the
analysis phase, and to ensure its quality

APPLICATION
Input DevicesSwitches, DIP Switches, and
Keypads interfacing, output devicesLEDs
Seven-Segment Displays,
Tri-state Indicators and LCDs interfacing.
Interfacing to Other Devices such as sensors,
stepper motor and DC motor speed control,.
Analogue-to-digital conversion, the RS-232
Interface.

SUMMARY
We learnt
Challenges in system design
Meeting design metrics
Power dissipation reduction
Enabling and controlling of processes
and hardware units
Flexibility, upgradeability and reliability
summary

THANK YOU