Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
ON
JIGS AND FIXTURES (GROUP G)
HND MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING I
(REGULAR SCHOOL)
EGYIR MICHAEL
EMMANUEL YARTEL
DANIEL AVISEY TEGAH
EMMANUEL AGYEI
GODSON AWUYEH
ERIC AMOANI DARKO
ERIC KOTEY NEEQUAYE
ISAAC COLEMAN
ROBERT SOMETIEMAH
TAWIAH DASSAH
ASSOAH YAW EVANS
LOUIS YAWSON
07098386
07098374
07098389
07098360
07098392
07098398
07098365
07098384
07098382
07098377
07098416
07098351
OBJECTIVE
After this lesson student should be able to
Understand the principle underlying jigs and fixtures
design.
Sketch and explain the six degrees of freedom.
Explain how clamping as a securing device prevents
or restrains body movement.
Define and explain jig and fixture.
INTRODUCTION
The application of jigs and fixtures is important aspect of
workshop engineering, and their application is worthy of some
consideration on all bit the simplest types of production, small
orders and tool room work.
Jigs and fixture are appliances used in manufacture or
assembly
and to facilitate the operation to which they are applied. The
primary object of their use might be facilitate the holding and
support of an awkward or frail article for some machining
operation. To position a component and to guide the cutters in
the operations so that every component produced will be
uniform to accommodate several component at one setting to
take advantage of multiple machining and to hold a component
which Could not be held conveniently without a fixture and so
on.
JIG
A jig is a device to which a component is fastened so that
certain machining operations may be done or carried out. The
jig is designed in such a way that one or more cutting tools are
guided to the same position on any number of similar
component that may be used in a jig.
FIXTURE
A fixture is similar to a jig, but the cutting vices are not guided.
Briefly the difference between a jig and fixture is that a jig
incorporates hardened steel bushes for guiding the tools that
are used in machining the component, whereas with a fixture,
the tools used for machining the component are worked
independently, and are in fact, guide manually by the machine
operator.
PRINCIPLE OF LOCATION
In order to fix, definitely, the position of a body in space, it is
necessary to account for the six degree of freedom. The body
shown may move laterally in the
directions OX, OY, OZ in addition to which it may rotate about
the axes six possibilities in all. When designing location
Facilities, we must keep this in mind so that the arrangement
will provide positive restraint as well as ensuring the surface
relationship necessitated on the job in hand. There are, in
addition , certain natural locational relationships between
surfaces, points and lines of which the reader is no doubt
aware but their significance to the matter in hand needs to be
elaborated.
TYPES OF LOCATION
There are different types of location. Some of them are
1. Vee location
2. Button or peg location
3. Fix Block location
4. Adjustable location
5. Screw location
In order to locate an object in a definite position all the
six
degree of freedom must be accounted for. However, six
different locators are seldomly used in practice because
clamps are usually used to secure the component.
CLAMPING
The Clamp is a device used to secure a component firmly
by friction.
1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
TYPES OF CLAMPS
Strap clamp.
Universal strap clamp.
Slotted clamp.
Plate clamp.
Screw clamp.
Cam clamp.
Swinging clamp.
Bridge clamp.
Double acting clamp.
Flat clamp.
Pivoted clamp.
Wedge clamp.
Equalising clamp.
CONCLUSION
As we have learnt, jigs and fixtures make a fairly simple
operation out of one which would otherwise require a lot of
skills and time. Jigs and fixtures are precision tools which
must
be taking care of. They must properly store or isolate to
prevent
accidental damage and they must be numbered for
identification for future use.
Jigs and fixture must be cleaned, undamaged and free from
swarf and grit. Components must not be forced into a jig or
fixture
So let all make it point to use jigs and fixtures correctly.
REFERENCES
1.
2.
3.
4.