Logic Building and Effective Problem Solving

Objectives
In this session, you will learn to:
Identify repetitive processes
Work with arrays
Manipulate arrays using loops

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Logic Building and Effective Problem Solving

The repeatuntil Loop
repeatuntil loop:
Body executes at least once regardless of the condition
Condition is evaluated after the body is executed once
Syntax:
:
repeat
begin
//Body of the repeat...until loop
end until (condition)
:

The following embedded Word document contains the flowchart to

depict the repeatuntil loop syntax.

Repeat Until

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Logic Building and Effective Problem Solving

The repeatuntil Loop (Contd.)

The following embedded Word document contains the

flowchart to calculate the average score of 30 students.

Average Score
Flowchart

The following embedded Word document contains the

pseudocode segment to calculate the average score of 30
students.
Average Score
Pseudocode

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Logic Building and Effective Problem Solving

Working with Arrays
Array:
Store more than one value at a time
Collection of homogeneous data types
Elements are stored in adjacent memory locations
Elements are accessed using subscript\index
First element has an index 0
Last element has an index one less than the size of the array

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Logic Building and Effective Problem Solving

Declaring an Array
Array:
Should be declared before use
Syntax:
<data_type> <variable_name>[<size>]

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Logic Building and Effective Problem Solving

Declaring an Array (Contd.)
The following pseudocode segment declares a numeric
array of size five:
begin
numeric arr[5]
.....
.....
.....
end

The following figure shows a schematic representation of

the array elements in the memory.

arr[0]

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arr[1]

arr[2]

arr[3]

arr[4]

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Logic Building and Effective Problem Solving

Initializing and Assigning Values to an Array
Array initialization:
Process of populating an array with values
Can be done in the following ways:
During declaration
After declaration

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During Declaration

After Declaration

begin
numeric arr[5] = {14, 15,
17, 45, 81}
.....
.....
End

begin
numeric arr[5]
display Enter the values for an
array
accept arr[0]
accept arr[1]
accept arr[2]
accept arr[3]
accept arr[4]
end

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Logic Building and Effective Problem Solving

Initializing and Assigning Values to an Array
(Contd.)
Array elements are displayed using the display keyword.
The following pseudocode initializes and displays the array
elements:
begin
numeric arr[5]
arr[0] = 14
arr[1] = 15
arr[2] = 17
arr[3] = 45
arr[4] = 81
display arr[1]
display arr[2]
end

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Logic Building and Effective Problem Solving

Quiz #1

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Logic Building and Effective Problem Solving

Quiz
Which of the following constructs executes until the
condition is false and breaks if the condition becomes true?
1.
2.
3.
4.

for
switchcase
repeatuntil
if

Solution:
repeatuntil
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Logic Building and Effective Problem Solving

Quiz (Contd.)
Which of the following options will you use to initialize an
array with the values entered by the user?
1.
2.
3.
4.

display
begin
end
accept

Solution:
accept
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Logic Building and Effective Problem Solving

Quiz (Contd.)
Which of the following options is used to access a particular
array element?
1. subscript
2. accept
3. size

Solution:
subscript
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Logic Building and Effective Problem Solving

Manipulating Arrays Using Loops

Let us see how to

manipulate arrays using
loops.

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Logic Building and Effective Problem Solving

Manipulating Arrays Using Loops (Contd.)
The following embedded Word document shows the
pseudocode to accept and display the marks of five
subjects.
Use of array

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Logic Building and Effective Problem Solving

Exercises

Let us practice the

concepts learned by
solving a problem.

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Logic Building and Effective Problem Solving

Problem Statement
Draw a flowchart and write the pseudocode to accept five
numbers and display the total number of odd and even
numbers.
(Allocated time to solve the problem is 40 minutes.)

Use LBEPS Session8 Simulation1

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Logic Building and Effective Problem Solving

Summary
In this session, you learned that:
In a repeatuntil loop, the body of the loop is executed at
least once, regardless of the condition.
An array is a collection of elements of a single data type stored
in adjacent memory locations.
An array element can be accessed using subscript\index.
Subscript\index specifies the position of an element within the
array.
The first element of an array has an index 0 and the last
element has an index one less than the size of the array.
An array should be declared before use.
An array can be initialized in two ways:
During declaration
After declaration

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