COMMUNICATION

What is Communication?
Communication is the effective sharing or
transmission of facts opinions or emotions by 2 or
more people. The 3 basic elements of communication
are : The Sender
The Message
The Receiver.

Process of Communication
Idea of the
Transmission
Sender.
Channel.

Feedback
receives

Encoding into
Message.

Decodes into
Receiver
meaningful
the Message.
Idea

Functions of Communication in an
Organization.

Inform
Instruct
Sharing of information
Motivating Workers
Leading the Organization
Control
Management

Factors Responsible for growing

importance of Communication.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Global business environment

Large scale operations
Technological advancement
Role of information
Change in management style
Need for better human relations & higher
motivation levels
Increasing social role.

IMPORTANT C OF COMMUNICATION.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.

Correct.
Clear.
Candid.
Complete.
Concise.
Consistent.
Coherent.
Courteous.
Credible.
Chronological.
Considerate.
Continuous.

Barriers to Communication.
Noise.
Lack of planning.
Wrong or unclarified assumptions.
Semantic problems.
Cultural barriers.
Socio psychological barriers.
Emotions.
Filtering.
Information Overload.
Loss by transmission ( Noise)
Poor listening & retention.
Goal conflicts.
Offensive style.
Time & distance.

Overcoming
Barriers
Sender
Planning ideas
Overcoming
a. Different perceptions
b. Language difference
c. Inconsistent verbal &
non verbal comm.
d. Emotionality

Receiver
Paying

attention
Active listening
Open mind
Overcoming prejudicial
judgment & emotional
constraints.

Organization
Choosing right media
Overcoming noise
barrier
Simplify org. structure

Methods of
Communication.
Verbal Communications :Oral Communication
II. Written Communication
Non Verbal Communications :. Body Language
. Sign Language(Symbols)
. Para Language
. Circumstantial Language
I.

Methods of
Communication.
Body Language
Facial expression
Eye contact
Posture
Gesture

Body Shape
Ectomorph
Smell &
Touch
Mesomorph
Silence
Endomorph

Methods of
Communication.
Sign Language
Visual symbols
Audio symbols

Para Language
Pitch variation
Volume
Speed & pause
Stress on words

Circumstantial Language
Space language
Surroundings
Time

Zones of Personal Space

Intimate

(0-18 in)
Personal (18-4ft)
Social (4- 12 ft)
Public (12 ft or greater)

Forms of Communication
Therapeutic-

Communication
that is beneficial in developing a
nurse-client helping relationship
Non-TherapeuticCommunication that is not
beneficial or helpful to people
involved

Therapeutic Communication
Listening

- nonverbal; conveys
interest in the client; active
listening
Listening vs. Hearing
Nod as client speaks
Appear attentive
Conveying Acceptance - listen
without judging

Therapeutic Communication
Paraphrasing
Focusing

- centering information on the key

elements of the message
Stating observations
Clarifying
Focus
Assertiveness
standing up for ones rights without violating
those of others
Summarizing - concise review of main ideas
Appropriate self-disclosure

Barriers to Effective Communication

Inattentive listening
Medical vocabulary
Giving personal opinions
Being defensiveness
Showing disapproval
Cultural differences
Prying
Offering false reassurance
Being defensive
Asking why
Stereotyping - generalized beliefs held about people
Changing the subject inappropriately
Showing approval or disapproval

Techniques for improved therapeutic

communication

Professionalism
Courtesy
Confidentiality
Availability
Trust
Empathy
Sympathy
Acceptance
Respect
Silence
Hope
Encouragement
Socializing
Gender/Cultural sensitivity

Therapeutic
Communications
Implementation
Attentive Listening
Sharing observations
Sharing empathy
Sharing hope
Sharing humor
Sharing feelings
Using touch
Using silence
Providing information
Clarifying

Therapeutic Communication -2
Focusing
Paraphrasing
Asking

relevant questions
Summarizing
Self-disclosure
Confrontation

Barriers to Effective Communication-2

Arguing
Passive

or Aggressive Responses
Defensive Responses
Asking personal questions
Sympathy and not empathy

THE END

THANK YOU