PASSIVE

SUBJECT + TO BE + V3
Is, am,are
Was, were
Had/Have/has + been
Modals + be

My cat eats a fish everyday.

The fish is eaten by my cat everyday.
My cat ate that fish this morning.
That fish was eaten by my cat this
morning.
My cat has eaten that fish just now
That fish has been eaten by my cat just
now

Subject + to be + being +
V3

My cat is eating the fish right now

The fish is being eaten by the cat
My cat was eating the fish this dawn.
The fish was being eaten by the cat this
dawn.
My cat has been eating the fish right
away.
The fish has been being eaten by the cat
right away.

Modals + be + V3

I will drink a cup of tea.

The tea will be drunk by me.
I will be drinking the tea in two seconds.
The tea will be being drunk by me in two
seconds.

COMPLETE THE SENTENCES

USING ONE OF THESE VERBS .

CAUSE, DAMAGE, HOLD, INCLUDE, INVITE,

MAKE, OVERTAKE, SHOW, TRANSLATE,
WRITE.

Many accidents .. by dangerous driving.

Cheese . from milk.
The roof of the building in a storm a few days ago.
Theres no need to leave a tip. Service . in the bill.
You. to the wedding. Why did not you go?
A cinema is a place where films ..
In the United States, elections for president ..every
four years.
Originally the book in Spanish and a few years
ago it . into English.
We were driving along quite fast but weby lots of
other cars.

It is a big factory. Five hundred people

(employ) there. Are employed
Water . ( cover) most of the Earths surface.
Most of the Earths surface..( cover) by
water.
The park gates.. ( lock) at 6.30pm every
evening.
The letter . (post) a week a go and it .
( arrived) yesterday.
The boat. ( sink) quickly but fortunately
everybody. ( rescue)

Rons parents . (die) when he was very young. He

and his sister. ( bring) up by their grandparents.
I was born in London. But I .. ( grow) up in the north
of England.
While I was on holiday, my camera .. ( disappear) ,
from my hotel room.
Why .. ( Suzan/ resign) from her job? Didnt she enjoy
it?
Why. (Bill/ sack) from his job? What did he do wrong?
The company is not independent. It .. ( own) by a
much larger company. Is owned
Where ( these photograps?take? In London?........
(you/take) them?

The characteristics of passive

sentences

Subject di kenai suatu perbuatan.

- Subject dalam kalimat active mjd object

dlm kal. Passive
By + personal pronoun/noun.
By X someone, by delete
Most of the earths surface is covered by
water
The floor needs cleaning.
His money was stolen .

Carry, cause , do, make, repair,

send, spend, wake up

The situation is serious . something must

be done before its too late.
I havent received the letter. It might
have been sent to the wrong address.
A decision will not be made until the next
meeting.
I told the hotel receptionist that I wanted
to be waken up at 6.30 the next morning.
Do you think that less money should be
spent on ornaments ?

This road is in very bad condition. It

should have been repaired a long time
ago.
The injured man couldnt walk and had to
be carried
Its not certain how the fire started but it
might be caused by an electrical fault.

Chita is sweeping this floor right now.

( active = subject + be (is, am ,are / was ,
were) + V. ing )
This floor is being swept by Chita.
( passive = subject + be/ is,am, are +
being + V.3)
This floor was being swept by Chita last
night.

Somebody is using the computer at the moment.

( active).
The computer is being used by somebody at the
moment. ( passive)
I did not realize that somebody was recording our
conversation.( active)
I did not realize that our conversation was being
recorded by somebody. ( passive)
They are building a new ring road round the city. (
active)
A new ring road round the city is being built by
them. ( passive)

Understandable = it can be understood

Washable = it can be washed
Unbreakable = it can not be broken
Edible = it can be eaten
Unforgettable = it can not be forgotten
Unusable = it can not be used
Invisible = it can be seen
Portable = it can be brought easily

Tom has a higher salary now.

He has been promoted

When we got to the stadium, we found
that they had cancelled the game.
In other words, when we got to the stadium,
we found that the game had been
cancelled

I have drink a cup of tea this morning. ( active =

subject + has/have + V3)
A cup of tea has been drunk by me this morning.
( passive = subject + has/ have/had + been +
V3)
I had drink a up of tea last night.
A cup of tea had been drunk by me last night.
Had boleh dipakai untuk semua subject, untuk
menyatakan sesuatu yang telah selesai di
lakukan di waktu lampau dan akibatnya masih
dapat dirasakan hingga sekarang ( Past perfect
Tense)

would., will, might, may, can , could,

shall, should, etc + be = V3
I would have been inaugurated as a vice
school principal last month when my
baby was born.

Need + V.Ing = Passive.

The floor is dirty. It needs cleaning
( needs to be cleaned)
The floor was dirty. It needed cleaning.
The babies are hungry. They need
feeding.
His hair is untidy. It needs cutting.

The telephone, invented by graham Bell

is very useful for human life nowadays
and at the future.
The temple built in ancient time, is very
valuable.

PEOPLE LIKE FACTORIES BECAUSE THEY

BRING NEW JOBS TO A COMMUNITY. IN MY
OPINION, HOWEVER, THE BENEFITS OF A
FACTORY ARE OUTWEIGHED BY THE
RISKS. FACTORIES CAUSE POLLUTION,
AND THEY BRING TOO MUCH GROWTH. IN
ADDITION, THEY DESTROY THE QUIET
LIFESTYLE OF A SMALL TOWN. THAT IS
WHY I OPPOSE A PLAN TO BUILD A
FACTORY NEAR MY COMMUNITY.

SOME PEOPLE WILL SAY THAT MORE JOBS

WILL BE CREATED BY A FACTORY.
HOWEVER, THIS CAN HAVE A NEGATIVE
RESULT. OUR POPULATION WILL GROW
QUICKLY. MANY NEW HOMES AND STORES
WILL BE BUILT. THERE WILL BE A LOT OF
TRAFFIC ON THE ROADS. FAST GROWTH
CAN CAUSE MORE HARM THAN GOOD.

OUR CITY WILL CHANGE A LOT. IT IS A

PLEASANT PLACE NOW. IT IS SAFE AND
QUIET. EVERYBODY KNOWS EVERYBODY
ELSE. IF A FACTORY BRINGS GROWTH TO
THE CITY, ALL OF THIS WILL CHANGE.
THE SMALL TOWN FEEL WILL BE LOST.

A FACTORY WOULD BE HELPFUL IN SOME

WAYS, BUT THE DANGERS OUTWEIGH
THE BENEFITS. OUR CITY WOULD BE
CHANGED TOO MUCH BY A FACTORY. I
CAN NOT SUPPORT A PLAN TO BUILD A
NEW FACTORY HERE.

FACTORIES CAUSE SMOG. IF WE BUILD A

NEW FACTORY, THE AIR WE BREATHE
WILL BECOME DIRTY. EVERYTHING WILL
BE COVERED WITH DUST. FACTORIES
ALSO POLLUTE RIVERS AND STREAMS.
OUR WATER WILL BE TOO DIRTY TO
DRINK. THE ENVIRONMENT WILL BE HURT
AND PEOPLES HEALTH WILL BE
AFFECTED.

OUR LIVES HAVE BEEN DRAMATICALLY

IMPROVED BY CHANGES IN FOOD
PREPARATION.
(A) CHANGES IN FOOD PREPARATION
HAVE DRAMATICALLY IMPROVED OUR LIVES.
(B) OUR LIVES ARE CHANGING DRAMATICALLY
AND SO HAVE CHANGES IN FOOD
PREPARATION.
( C ) OUR FOOD PREPARATION
IMPROVEMENTS HAVE BEEN DRAMATICALLY
CHANGES.

Young people will be helped to

overcome the fear of aging by
associating with older people.

Our fear of associating with older people

can overcome young people
Young people can associate with older
people who fear aging
Association with older people will help
young people overcome the fear of
aging

I do not like the fact that

these products are made
by machines.

I do not like the fact that these are

machine- made products.
Products made by machine are not liked;
its fact.
Its not a fact that these products were
made by machines

Large sums of money are

earned by entertainers who do
little to contribute to society.

Society earns a little from entertainers

contribution
Entertainers earn large sums of money
yet contribute little to society
Money is contributed to society by
entertainers who earn a lot.