Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Spleen
Lymph nodes
Appendix
Tonsils
Other Mucosal associated
lymphoid tissues (MALT)
FUNCTION
T3+ T4+
T1+
T3+
T11+
T8+
Suppressor for Ig
synthesis
and delayed
Help for
immunoglobulin
Synthesis
2) Oligoclonal activators-
superantigens
3) Polyclonal activators mitogens
Antigens
Stimulate/activate T cells or B cells
after contact with an antigen through
their receptor specific for an epitope.
T-cell dependent Ag
Antigens (Proteins) will only activate B
cells in the presence of T cells (and the
proteins that they secrete).
T cell recognize the antigen cytokines
are released B cells are stimulated
T- cell independent Ag
B cell directly recognizes the antigen
(Polysaccharides )
Superantigens
Molecules typically derived from bacteria
Mitogens
Epitopes are recognized virtually by all
T cells and B cells
Result: whole populations of T cells and
B cells are activated and many clones
are generated
Direct recognition
immediate encounter and recognition of a
cell
Ag is interacting directly with a receptor
present in the cell.
Examples:
Phagocytes recognize a bacterium
phagocytes have primitive pattern
recognition receptors that
interact with
many microorganisms.
Indirect recognition
Recognize
epitopes on
Antigen
recognizing
receptor
B cells
Intact antigen
Membranebound
antibodies
T cells
Antigen
T cell receptor
fragments
(TCR)
bound to MHC
Cells