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m
mm
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Y
w
wdeal transformer should be:
No winding resistance.
No leakage flux.
No iron losses.
wts coefficient of coupling is unity.
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ú
§lternating flux induces a sinusoidal ac voltage in the coil,
whose effective value is given by
E = 4.44fNØmax V
p
w
ú
Æ
Æ
w
@
I2 = E2/Z
g
Mhe E2 does not change when load is
connected because:
~
¬
N1I1 = N2I2
Ú
Ãy examine the magneto motive
forces at primary and secondary,
and the currents are in phase.
N1I1 = N2I2
then
@
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m m
@Y
w
wdeal transformer can be
simplified to a box having 2
terminals in symbolic form.
Polarity marks indicate the
direction of current flow as well
as the polarities of voltage m1
and m2.
wn an ideal transformer m1 and m2
|
, w1 and w2 are always in phase.
Mhe angle depends upon the
nature of the load.
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w
@p
For example, an ideal
transformer M is connected
between a source and load
Z. Mhe ratio of transformer
is a:
and p
@Æ
§n impedance Zx between the primary terminal given by:
@g
Mhis means that the impedance seen by the source is a2 times the
real impedance.
@~
§n ideal transformer can modify the value of any
component (resistor, capacitor or inductor).
For example:
1000ȍ resistor is placed across secondary of transformer
having turn ratio of 1:5, it will appear across the primary as a
resistance of 1000ȍ (1/5)2 = 40ȍ.
@¬
1000ȍ reactance of capacitor is placed across secondary of
transformer having turn ratio of 1:5, it will appear across the
primary as a reactance of 40ȍ.
However, because the reactance of the capacitor is inversely
proportional to its capacitance, the apparent capacitance btw
the primary terminal is 25 times greater than its actual value.
@Ú
w
9hile shifting from secondary to primary, these rules applied:
Y
Y@
YY
w
9hile shifting from primary to secondary, these rules applied:
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Yp
m m!
YÆ
ë
Yg