PIONEER OF MODERN

ARCHITECTURE

Le Corbusier

(1887-1965)

Charles-douard
Jeanneret-Gris aka Le
Corbusier was a
Swiss-born French
architect.

1907 worked under

Auguste Perrete at
Paris.

1908 studied
architecture at
Vienna.

1918 1922 developed Purist

painting with
Ozenfant.

Partnering with his

cousin, they made a
series of villas.

He viewed house as a
machine for living in.

Delved into city

planning and designed

Mechanical

analogy
Linguistic analogy
Five points of Architecture
Use of pilotis i.e. reinforced
concrete stilts
Free faade
Open floor plan
Long horizontal ribbon
windows
Roof garden

UN
Headquarter
s
Architects :

Le Corbusier
Oscar
Niemeyer

Golden Ratio

Assembly Hall

Aerial
View

Chandigar
h

Le Corbusier attempted to
realize his urban planning
schemes on a small scale
by constructing a series of
"units" around France.
The most famous of these
was the Unit d'Habitation
of Marseilles (19461952).

Key Features

Of the5units built, the one

in Berlin has sui generis
Strong pilotis creating circulation
characteristics, since Le
space beneath
Corbusier had to adapt the
design of the building to
the
Germanmodulatedregulat
ory requirements
Window from outside
However, only 5 residential units
were built around the world. The
most famous of the units is that of
Marseilles, in France, called
theCit Radieuseor Radiant City
(1945). Others are located in Window from inside
Nantes-Rez (1952), Berlin
(1956), Briey-en-Fort (1957) and
Firminy (1960).

Idea was to build these

large units as
independent small
towns, each with many
different housing types,
from apartments for
singles to family
residences for up to 10
people
public facilities were to
be included that allow
these units to operate
autonomously ,such as
shops, sports areas

Garden Terrace Radieuse Cit, the

Unit. d'Habitation in Marseille

volumes are
essentially
elongated boxes,
supported on pilotis
in order to achieve
better spatial
integration with its
pedestrian
environment.
terrace used as a
garden to
compensate
occupied area to
nature
Le Corbusier's
proposal for Berlin
includes 530

Unit

Briey-en-Fort.

the homes are duplex, that is to say, a two-story

apartment, and have internal stairs, enjoying
more spaciousness

Snapshots

original
apartments,expressin
g

Snapshots

he intended to express the individuality of

each department through series of color
tones applied in the large white canvas which
is the building's facade.

Ntre Dame du Haut

Ronchamp,
France

complex is composed of several elements, leaded by the chapel, the esplanade,

the residence of the monks, a memorial pyramid and bell tower.
chapel is located eccentrically on top of the hill and is oriented east-west, nearly
perpendicular to the access path.

The south facade

austerity, its openness to the community and its

conception as a contrasting element in the landscape.
The chapel owes its shape to its relationship to the
landscape. Each of the facades responds to different
attitudes: welcome, celebration, service, symbolism.
. The roof sculptural character dramatizes the power and
malleability of the concrete to compose organic volumes.
. All these elements come together to create a mystical
and dramatic interior space in which light is the
protagonist.
The concave wall welcomes visitors ascending from the
path. Its broad-based triangular section seems to be a
continuation of the hill, rising to support the roof.
The southern wall is quite wide in the vicinity of the
entrance (3.7 m) but it narrows and gets higher at the
other end (1.7 m).
The wall thickness is evidenced by the random pattern of
rectangular windows of different size and orientation,

entrance is flanked by vertical semicylindrical element, one of the three

chapels under the three minor chapels
included in the church.
access is stressed by changing its color
to concrete and separating it from the
white wall and curve.

North facade
The wall is perforated by tiny
squarefenestrations and there is a
glass box which keeps a statueof the
Virgin Mary.

Facing a large concourse of

the pilgrims, east concave
faade houses a
smallexternalchapel.

Diffused
Light
shape of
the windows in the thick wall, is cut obliquely
and widen, allowing the light to gently fade inside.

, the east wall, where the

altar is placed, has small
windows which from the
inside look like stars. The
edge of the walls is
demarcated by a line of
light,separating them from
the roof.

Light
Tower

North facades has 2 chapels flanking

the
secondary
access:
both
aresymmetricallyarranged around the
axis of the door. However, their curved
shape invite to access to the interior.
West facades has semi-cylindrical
towers with lateral incisions. Their
verticality is a counterpoint to the
horizontality of the building.

In the center of the wall is located a

gargoyle, the visible part of the roof,
which collects rain water and drain it to
a concrete fountain sculpture
underneath.

"Above the drawing board I have the

shell of a crab collected in Long Island
near New York. It will be the roof of the
chapel: two layers of concrete 5 cm
thick and separations of 2.26 m. The
shell will be sustained on recovered
stone walls. "

ROOF
Abstract
Fountain
"The shell
has been placed on
the walls that are absurdly but
practically thick. Inside them
however
are
reinforced
concrete columns. The shell will
rest in these columns but it will
not touch the wall. A horizontal
crack of light 10 cm widewill
amaze." Le Corbusier.

Villa

Savoye

Location: Poissy, France

Date: 1928 to 1929

Construction System:
Reinforced Concrete and
plastered unit masonry

Climate: Temperate

Style: Modern

The reinforced concrete gives us the pilotis.

The house is up in the air, far from the
ground: the garden runs under the house...

'The columns set back from

the facades, inside the
house. The floor continues
cantilevered. The facades
are no longer anything but
light skins of insulating walls
or windows. The facade is
free.'

'Until now: load-bearing walls; . forming the

ground floor and the upper stories, up to the
eaves. The layout is a slave to the supporting
walls. Reinforced concrete in the house

'The window is one

of the essential
features of the
house. Reinforced
concrete provides a
revolution in the
history of the
window. Windows
can run from one
end of the facade
to the other.'

'...the garden is also over the house, on the

roof...

Ground Floor
Plan

First Floor
Plan

Section Drawing

Ramp and Stairs

Interior
Views

THE SECRETARIAT

It consists of L-shaped
block, framed by a
concrete cover that
functions as a large
umbrella that unfolds
in the
shape
of
gracefully
Le Corbusier
used
to say
that botharches
the sun. and the
rain are components of
the architecture, and
therefore applied his
concept ofbrise-soleil.

Both front and rear facades are

spatiallylinkedthrough a portico formed by
three large painted concrete columns .

Detail of the facade of the Court,

Detail of the concrete parasol and its
showing different grid compositions.
encounter with the plates.

building contains 8 high courts, supreme cour separated byplates .

courts are spaces of 8 * 8 * 12 meters, in which Le Corbusier applied
another of his well-known principles, the modulation system known as
modulor.
Detail the perforations in the ramps for
impressive view of entire capitol complex

On the roof, Le
Corbusier devised a set
of outdoor terraces,
which unfortunately
today are used as

Main facade of the Secretariat.

In contrast to the
light grid of the
facade, there is a
massive sculptural
element, pierced
by small windows,
that houses a
series of internal
ramps.

the other end

of the Capitol,
the
Secretariatis a
long, 8-story,
245 m long
and 42 high
block.

Details of how the facade is dynamized

by a sculptural element that enriches the
composition.

The SecretariatGardenterrace

Detail of the tower of the

shadows.Behind the Assembly
building

The front grid is rotated

"it is possible to control the sunlight in the 4

corners of a building, play with it even in a
hot country and finally obtain low
temperatures"

Game volume on the terrace of the

Assembly

MONUMENT TO OPEN HAND.

It is a large rectangular
block that reaches 38 m
at its highest point.
Instead two legislative
houses of curved forms
are linked by a foyer.

Presented By:
Anchal
Thapa12610
Sahil
Guleria12611
Amit
Bharti12612