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analysis
During the planning process
- it helps to design your data collection
strategy and determines a sample size
Many times, it is true that data are
collected first and only then is
consideration given to data collection
Descriptive Statistics
What is the Data
Type?
Normal
You want to
describe a Quantitative
single
variable
Categorical
Pearsons correlation
Spearmans correlation
Comparison Tests
You are
comparing a
SINGLE
SAMPLE to a
norm
Normal
Single-sample t-test
At least ordinal
Sign test
Categorical
Goodness of fit
You are
Normal
Two-sample t-test
comparing data At least ordinal
Mann-Whitney
from two
Normal indicates that the procedure is theoretically
based
a normality assumption.
2 x c test
foronhomogeneity/chiINDEPENDENT Categorical
Comparison Tests
You are
comparing
PAIRED,
REPEATED, or
MATCHED data
Normal
Paired t-test
At least ordinal
Sign test
Symmetric
quantitative
Binary
McNemar
Comparison Tests
Normal
Repeated-measures ANOVA
At least ordinal
Friedmans test
Categorical
Cochran Q
You are
Normal
Analysis of covariance
comparing
means
where the
Normal indicates
that the procedure is theoretically based on a normality assumption.
model includes a
Relational Analyses
You want to analyze
the relationship
between two
variables (If
regression, one
variable is classified
as a response
variable and one a
predictor variable
Normal
At least ordinal
Spearman correlation
Categorical
Binary
Logistic regression
You
wan
to analyze
Normal
Multiplevariable
linear regression
In
this
table,
the data type
applies to the dependent
for regression procedues.
the relationship
Binary
Logistic regression
between a response
variable and two or
more predictor
Nonparametric Analysis
Spearmans rank correlation (measure association
between two variables): a nonparametric alternative to
Pearsons correlation
Mann-Whitney U (compare two independent groups): a
nonparametric alternative to a two-sample t-test
Kruskal-Wallis (compare two or more independent
groups): a nonparametric alternative to a one-way
analysis of variance
Sign test or Wilconxon test )compare two repeated
measures): a nonparametric alternative to the paired ttest
Friedmans test (compare two or more repeated
measures): a nonparametric alternative to a repeated
measures analysis of variance
Mean: M = 1.34
Standard Deviation: SD = 3.21
Sample size: N = 203
p-value: p = 0.03 or p < 0.001
t-statistic with degree of freedom: t(13) = 2.12
Chi-square results: X2 (2, N = 97) = 7.6, p = 0.02)
F-test: F(2, 21) = 3.33, p = 0.04)