BCT 102

Residential
Print
Reading
Week 10

MEP
Mechanical
Electrical &
Plumbing
work coordinates with all other trades
*

Mechanical
& Plumbing
Mechanical - HVAC (Heating Venting and
Air conditioning).

Electrical lighting fixtures, switches,

outlets, panels, appliances, etc.

Plumbing - pipes, fixtures & fittings; water

supply/distribution, and waste removal.

Mechanical
HVAC
SIMPLIST
FORM.

Mechanical SystemCommon types

1.Central Forced air

(Furnace/fan blower
/condenser & compressors; ducts; registers/diffusers)

Heat Pump

Heat & Cooling within One unit

Most Common type of Heating/Cooling* takes heat out of inside
air (cooling) or takes heat out of outside air to heat bldg.

2.Hydronic Hot Water system

(Boilers/pipes supply hot water to Radiators/Baseboards/or tube arrays

below floor YOUR TERMINAL UNITS RADIANT Type Heat exchange)

3.Radiant

(Control surface temp. of heating panel or Floor at

the heat source Uniform heat/reduced air movement) use Electricity to
heat Coils under floor or Piped hot (or cold) water to radiate heat

Forced Air Furnace heat house thru

convection
Two part system : central heating device-Furnace +
distribution network-Ducts
Fan blows heated air from the heat exchanger into
supply Plenum smaller branch ducts tap into plenum
air supply flows to Diffusers (in ceiling or floor
registers).
Air return grills centrally located picks up return
air and carries it back to furnace via return duct into
a return air plenum
Gas Furnaces have exterior air intake and exhaust
for the combustion chamber

Heat pump

Heat pump extracts heat from

space at low temp & discharges it to another space
at a higher temp
2 heat exchangers, a compressor & expansion valve
& interconnecting pipes filled with refrigerant.
Reversing the direction of the refrig. Flow system can
either heat or Cool
Compressor sits outside the house on a concrete pad
feeding the chilled refrig. to fan coil units

Condition the air using

Nature:
Cross ventilation
(open windows)

Stack effect
(heat rises so remove it from
Roof area/vent opening skylights)

Ceiling fans
(or whole house fan work
With stack effect)

Block solar heat gain

(overhangs & low E insulated glass)

Heat-storing
(like concrete /masonry absorb heat
& release heat slowly

Mechanical System- Forced

CONDITIONED Air
Furnace feed
heated air
through ducts
& deliver it to
registers(or
diffusers)
Return air to
system
through return
grills
separtated
from diffuser.

Mechanical System- Forced

Furnace/ducts & registers.Air intake to furnace & exhaust

Mechanical
Systemforced air thru
ducts delivered at
the supply register
(@ floor or ceiling)
Heat pumps-One
unit heats & cools

11

Mechanical System- Hydronic

..Hot water

Boiler/pipes &
Radiators or Terminal
unit TU

Radiant Floor in
Detail Section

Heat pump hooked up to furnace

with thermostat
Zones
Provide Flexibility/ temperature reading.

Mechanical SystemZones
Provide Flexibility/Efficiency Control temperature of
Areas (or rooms) individually with thermostats and
Dampers

Thermostats

The control for Heating & Cooling

Should be centrally located in zoned area or house to
give an average temperature reading.

Mechanical symbols in a legend on the dwg.

1.s .

Duct
layout
for
forcedair
system

Duct layout
for forcedair system

RETURN AIR
GRILL
SUPPLY
DIFFUSER
(REGISTER)

Simple HVAC layout in a ceiling plan - give register

locationsheat registers often near cold area
windows; return grill centrally located in hall

Plumbing
.

Plumbing
is your Water distribution System

Waste disposal (sanitary sewage) DRAIN

WASTE VENT or DWV

Supply -Pipes for Heat/Cold water

. gas gets piped too!

...
sewa
ge
dispo
sal is
life
safety
issue.
Lic.
Plum
ber
insta
lls
syst
em
in
acco
rdan
ce
with
spec
s
and
local
code
s

Water Meter Housing

Water Meter

supply
Water enters the house in to 1
pipe
Pressure Reduction Valve
80psi coming in
Reduce to 25 -30psi

Pressure Reduction
Valve

... sewage
disposal is life
safety issue.
Waste lines
...for Houses pipe layout
(DWGS.) are not required
as fixtures & fittings are
located on plans .... Riser
diagrams are! For inspector
to see adequate
connections and pipe sizes

Lic. Plumber
installs system
in accordance
with specs and
local codes

TRAPS
HOUSE
STACKS
VENT
DRAINSTACKS
PIPING
&
SEWER
&
PIPES
DRAINS

Sewer Line

Building Drain

VTR

... sewage
disposal

P-trap & Air-vent for

waste disposal
system to work
Slope of waste lines
: 1
Vent Through Roof
VTR

P-Trap

DWV

S-Trap and Drum Traps

DWV

Trap Facts
All plumbing fixtures require traps
All traps require vents
A critical distance must be
maintained between the trap weir
and the nearest vent

P-Traps

DWV

P-Traps

DWV

5 '- 0 "

1 1/4"
WA S T E
P IP E

Vents
Max. Distance of fixture trap from
vent
1 Trap
1 Trap
2 Trap
3 Trap
4 Trap

60
72
96
144
192

Vents
What happens when the vent is too far
from the trap?
Three options
Increase the size of the trap
Re-Vent
Bow Vent (Loop Vent)
Automatic Vent

Text

Supply Lines - Pipes shown &

WASTE STACK

Plumbing
3 stages
of
constructi
on

Plumbing
hidden in
the
walls...

1.Service
entrance
(prior to
FND.
Concrete
pour)
2.Rough-in
plumbing(
piping/drai
ns Inspected)
3.Finished
plumbing
install
fixtures &
connectio
ns (follow
GYP.
Walls)

Plumbing 3 stages
of construction

Plumbing hidden in the walls...

1.Service entrance
(prior to FND.
Concrete pour)
2.Rough-in
plumbing(piping/drai
ns - Inspected)
3.Finished plumbing
install fixtures &
connections (follow
GYP. Walls)

Plumbing

AT
STREET

AT HOUSE

Sewage Disposal - Sewer or Septic

(AT

at the street

44

Sewage Disposal - Sewer or

Septic

45

Plumbing
symbols found
in legend on
plumbing
drawings
Text

symbols can
vary

Plumbing Waste
or DWV Riser

diagram or Single line

Dwg. shows pipe &
air vent layout &
sizes
...could be
required
for Permit
(Pipe
Diam.
shown)

VTR vent thru roof

C.O. clean out

Plumbing - PIPE
LAYOUT ....Supply
just showing hot/cold
system from water
heater (not as
common in print set)

Single-line dwg.
RISER DIAGRAM
Required
Dwg.

Pictorial
to understand
single-line dwg.

Plumbing for hydronic heat

like this kitchen base cabinet
toe kick heater or radiant floor
piping
Required
Dwg.

Pictorial
to understand
single-line dwg.

Mechanical
HVAC
Fixtures (Toilet/sink/tub.....) & Fittings (faucet/drain/sprayer...) to be specified
FIXTURES located on plans & Qty. Fittings identified in schedules!

Electrical
& Lighting
...of the MEP info, Elec. + Lighting
locations will be in the print set on own
sheet / or on floor plan if not too complex
a layout.
*

Lighting Layout on plan with

... for more complex
furnishings..

lighting layout RCP

reflected ceiling plan

53

Electrical & Lighting

.Elec. at Rough-in Stage

Electrical connection to house from source

Electrical & Lighting Symbols -

on interior
Elevation

on plan
. With Some updates & missing info

Electricity
outlet symbols
S INGL E R E C E P T A C L E O UT L ET

S INGL E R E C E P T A C L E O UT L ET

Electricity
outlet symbols
D UP L E X R E C E P T A C L E O UT L E T
S P L IT - C IR C UIT

WP
WE A T HER P R O O F
R ECEP TA CLE
O UT L ET

Electricity
symbols

EL EC T R IC R A NG E/
C O O K T O P O UT L E T

Electricity
outlet symbols
F L O O R S ING L E
R ECEP TA CLE
O UT L ET

F L O O R D O UB L E
R ECEP TA CLE
O UT L ET

Electricity
outlet symbols
G R O UND FA UL T C IR C UIT
INT E R UP T E R R E C E P T A C L E
O UT L ET

F
G FC I

F A N O UT L E T

Electricity
outlet symbols
S P E C IA L P UR P O S E O UT L E T
WIR E D D IR E C T

DW

HEA T L A MP

Electricity
lighting symbols
WA L L S C O NC E

Electricity
lighting symbols

T R A C K L IG HT ING

Electricity
lighting symbols

HA NG ING C E IL ING FIX T UR E

Electricity
lighting symbols
LOW V OLTA GE
T R A NS F O R ME R
T

B UIL T - IN L O W V O L T A GE
T A S K L IG HT

Electricity
lighting symbols

R E C E S S E D C E IL ING
V A P O R L IG HT

Electricity
lighting symbols
T E L E V IS IO N
O UT L ET

TV

CA BLE
O UT L ET

Electricity
lighting symbols

B UIL T - IN F L UO R E S C E NT
T A S K L IG HT

Electricity
lighting symbols

R E C E S S E D C E IL ING
D O WN L IG HT ING

Electricity
special purpose symbols

C L O C K HA NG E R
R ECEP TA CLE

Electricity
special purpose symbols
FAN
R ECEP TA CLE

T E L E P HO NE O UT L E T

F
INT E R C O M

Electricity
special purpose symbols

T HER MO S T A T

G A S S UP P L Y

T
S MO K E D E T E C T O R

Electricity
special purpose symbols

HEA T R E GIS T ER

Electricity
switch

S2
S3
S4
S DM
S3DM

symbols

Single pole switch

Double pole switch
Three way switch
Four way switch
Single pole switch w/
dimmer
Three way switch
w/dimmer

Lights and
outlets in
kitchen &
bath areas
...similarities
from house to
house
GFCI

GFCI ground
fault circuit
interrupter
(outlet for

... walk through the house at the

front door looking at outlets and
light switches

Outlets & Switches Interior Elevations

regulated by NEC code

code
regulates
min. number
of outlets
placed...
NEC National
Electrical
Code ...work
performed by
lic. Electrician
for
occupancy

Electrical
A ampere =rate of flow
V voltage = force ampere move by
W wattage = how much elec. Is used or Power use
AxV=W

Electrical
Amps used to rate appliances
Volts varying pressure at service panel (120/240V typ. for USA house)
Amps to size circuit breaker (Kwh use is elec. measured at meter (or 1000 watt hours = 1
Kwh)