OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY

AND HEALTH (MEM 603)

CHEMICAL HAZARD
PREPARED BY:
MUHAMAD HAZIQ BIN JAMALUDIN
KHAIRUL NIZAR BIN MUHAMMAD NOOR
MUHAMAD RAZWAN BIN ABDUL AZIZ
AMIRUN NISYAM BIN AMIRUDDIN
MUHAMMAD FAEEZ BIN MD THAITH

WHAT IS CHEMICAL HAZARD?

Chemical elements, compounds or mixtures
thereof, whether natural or synthetic, but do
not include microorganisms.
Hazard Potential to cause harm.
Chemical hazard Systems where chemical
accidents could occur under certain
circumstances.

DO EMPLOYEE NEEDS TRAINING?

It is important to give training and give information for
employees who are exposed to hazardous chemicals:
The hazard communication standard and its requirements.
The components of the hazard communication program in
the employees' workplaces.
Operations in work areas where hazardous chemicals are
present.
Where the employer will keep the written hazard
evaluation procedures, communications program, lists of
hazardous chemicals, and the required Material Safety
Data Sheet (MSDS) forms.
(source: www.osha.gov)

The employee training plan must consist of the following elements:

The hazards of the chemicals in the work area.
How the hazard communication program is implemented in that
workplace, how to read and interpret information on labels and
the MSDS, and how employees can obtain and use the available
hazard information.
Measures employees can take to protect themselves from the
hazards.
Specific procedures put into effect by the employer to provide
protection such as engineering controls, work practices, and the
use of PPE.
Methods and observations (such as visual appearance or smell
-workers can use to detect the presence of a hazardous chemical
to which they may be exposed).
(source: www.osha.gov)

HOW MUST CHEMICALS BE LABELED?

Chemical manufacturers and importers must convey
the hazard information they learn from their
evaluations to downstream employers by means of
labels on containers and material safety data sheets
(MSDSs). (REFER SCHEDULE 1, PG 269)
Each container must be labelled, tagged, or marked
with the identity of hazardous chemicals contained
therein, and must show hazard warnings appropriate
for employee protection.

LABELS, TAGS, OR MARKINGS

Many container labels will have
diamond or a box that is divided into
colour coded sections: Health (blue),
Flammability (Red), Reactivity
(Yellow) and Other or Corrosive
(white). Numbers of 0-4 will be
assigned to each section of the
diamond to indicate the degree of
hazard; 0 indicates low hazard, and 4
is highest level of hazard.

 Labels can be used to quickly learn how to work with chemicals safely and
how they may impact your health. All GHS compliant labels feature the
following elements:
Chemicals are classified into 16 physical, 10 health and 3 environmental
Hazard Classes.
Danger symbols (on next slide) are used to quickly convey these hazard
classes. (REFER SCHEDULE 2, PAGE 271)
Signal Words appear on the label and include Danger for high hazards and
Warning for moderate hazards. (REFER SCHEDULE 2, PAGE 271)
Hazard statement(s) describe the nature of the hazard (e.g. causes damage
to kidneys through prolonged or repeated exposure when absorbed through
the skin) (REFER SCHEDULE 3, PAGE 275)
Precautionary Statements describe how to protect your self (ex. Use only in
well ventilated area). (REFER SCHEDULE 4, PAGE 279)
Labels must also include the Name, address, and phone number of the
responsible party as well as the Product identifier (product or chemical
name).

HAZARD WARNING

The hazard warning can be any type of message, words, pictures, or

symbols that provide at least general information regarding the hazards
of the chemical(s) in the container and the targeted organs affected

PREVENTION OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS

Continually review the work environment and work practices to control or prevent
workplace hazards.
Some ways to prevent and control hazards are:

Regularly and thoroughly maintain equipment

Ensure that hazard correction procedures are in place

Ensure that everyone knows how to use and maintain personal protective equipment

Make sure that everyone understands and follows safe work procedures

Ensure that, when needed, there is a medical program tailored to your facility to help
prevent workplace hazards and exposures

After detection, all current and potential hazards must be prevented, corrected or
controlled. Systems used to prevent and control hazards include:

PACKAGING REQUIREMENT

If the packaging is a container, the container should be so designed and

constructed that its content cannot escape unless there is a requirement
for safety devices to be fitted into the container.

The material constituting the packaging and the fastenings are nus
susceptible to adverse attack by the contents therein or liable to for
harmful or dangerous compounds with the contents.

The packaging and fastening are strong and solid throughout to ensure
that there will not come loose and will safely meet the normal stress and
strain of handling.

Containers fitted with replaceable fastening devices are so designed that

the packaging can be repeatedly fastened without the contents escaping.

SEAL OF PACKAGE

A supplier shall ensure that package are initially closed with a seal in
such a way that once the package are opened, the seals are broken
could not be repaired.

DIMENSION OF LABELS
(REFER SCHEDULE 5, PAGE 282)
CAPACITY OF PACKAGE

DIMENSION (mm)

< 3 LITERS

AT LEAST 52 X 74

3 LITERS < X < 50 LITERS

AT LEAST 74 X 105

50 LITERS < X < 500 LITERS

AT LEAST 105 X 148

>500 LITERS

AT LEAST 148 X 210

CHEMICAL DISASTER
Minamata disaster It was caused by the release of
methylmercury in the industrial waste water from the
Chisso Corporation's chemical factory.
This highly toxic chemical bio-accumulated in shellfish
and fish in ocean, which when eaten by people, resulted
in mercury poisoning.
As of March 2001, 2,265 victims had been officially
recognised as having Minamata disease (1,784 of whom
had died) and over 10,000 had received financial
compensation from Chisso.

Effects of Minamata disease

Human

On animals

Video on Minamata disaster

THANK YOU