COMPUTER

HARDWARE
NUR AMALINA 233130
AIN HUSNA 233179
NOORIZATI 231628

HISTORY OF COMPUTER
HARDWARE
Computer was referred as the machine which
can carry the task of computation form the end
of the 19th century. However now it is not just
a calculation machine, it has diversified
applications and it has even revolutionized the
industry. If we make a deep analysis regarding
the history of the computer we have to go
back in 16th century. However the true
progress in this field started in early
nineteenth century.

DEFINITION OF COMPUTER HARDWARE

Computer hardware is the collection of physical elements that constitutes a computer
system. This includes the computer case, monitor, keyboard, and mouse. It also includes
all the parts inside the computer case, such as the hard disk drive, motherboard, video
card, and many others. Computer hardware is what you can physically touch.
Component of computer hardware : Computer case
Hard disk drive
Monitor
Keyboard
Mouse
Speaker
Microphone
CPU (Central Processing Unit)
Video Card

COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER HARDWARE

Computer case - also known as a computer chassis, tower, system unit, cabinet,

base unit or simply case and sometimes incorrectly referred to as the "CPU" or
"hard drive.It is the enclosure that contains most of the components of a
computer usually excluding the display, keyboard and mouse.

Monitor - The monitor displays the computer's user interface and open programs,

allowing the user to interact with the computer, typically using the keyboard and
mouse.

Keyboard - an input device used to enter characters and functions into the

computer system by pressing buttons, or keys. It is the primary device used to

enter text. A keyboard typically contains keys for individual letters, numbers and
special characters, as well as keys for specific functions. A keyboard is connected
to a computer system using a cable or a wireless connection.

Mouse - is a small device that a computer user pushes across a desk surface in

order to point to a place on a display screen and to select one or more actions to
take from that position.

Hard disk drive - is a data storage device used for storing and retrieving digital

information using one or more rigid rapidly rotating disks coated with magnetic
material.

 Motherboard - one of the most essential parts of a computer system. It holds

together many of the crucial components of a computer, including the central

processing unit (CPU), memory and connectors for input and output devices.

Video card - connects to the motherboard of a computer system and generates

output images to display. Video cards are also referred to as graphics cards.
Video cards include a processing unit, memory, a cooling mechanism and
connections to a display device.

CPU - a piece of hardware that carries out the instructions of a computer

program. It performs the basic arithmetical, logical, and input/output operations

of a computer system.

MAIN CATEGORIES
There are four main categories in today common computer hardware:
Input device hardware
Processing device hardware
Storage device hardware
Output device hardware

1. INPUT DEVICE
HARDWARE
Any computer hardware that facilitates feeding data and information into a
computer system. It read user input actions like text, graphics, sounds,
videos and others.
Most commonly use input hardware:
keyboards,mice,scanners,andjoysticks.

2. PROCESSING DEVICE
HARDWARE
Refer to the computer hardware that manipulate data, turning them into

information.

Central Processing Unit (CPU) include Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) and

Control Unit (CU).

3. STORAGE DEVICE
HARDWARE
The part of the computer hardware are used to store data.
Primary storage like RAM and ROM.

Secondary storage like disk drive, flash drive, eternal disk drive etc.
Types of computer storage are magnetic storage, optical storage device

Flash memory devices , online and cloud, paper storage.

4.OUTPUT DEVICE
Hardware components that disseminate and display both data and

information.

Can be categorized into softcopy output and hardcopy output.