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Skeletal System
Somites
Paraxial mesoderm
differentiates and
begins to divide into cuboidal bodies
called somites by the end of 3rd week
are located on
each side of developing neural tube
Somites
Each somite differentiates into two parts:
Axial Skeleton
The axial skeleton is composed of:
Cranium
(skull)
Vertebral column
Ribs
Sternum
Formation
During formation of this part of the
Vertebral Column
During the precartilaginous or
Vertebral Column
In a frontal section of a 4 week embryo,
Intervertebral Disc
Intervertebral Disc
Nucleus Pulposus
Vertebral Column
The nucleus pulposus and anulus fibrosus
Cartilaginous Stage
During the sixth week chondrification
fuse at
the end of the embryonic period to form a
cartilaginous centrum
Cartilaginous Stage
The spinous and transverse processes
Bony Stage
Ossification of typical vertebrae begins
Bony Stage
Three primary centers are present by the
end of the embryonic period:
One in the centrum
One in each half of the vertebral arch
Ossification becomes evident in the
Bony Stage
Bony Stage
These articulations permit the vertebral
Bony Stage
Five secondary ossification centers appear in the
vertebrae after puberty:
Bony Stage
The vertebral body includes the centrum,
Development of Ribs
Development of Ribs
Development of Sternum
A pair of vertical mesenchymal bands,
Development of Sternum
Development of Cranium
The cranium develops from mesenchyme
the brain
face
Cartilaginous Neurocranium
Initially the cartilaginous neurocranium
or
Cartilaginous Neurocranium
Cartilaginous Neurocranium
This cartilaginous mass contributes to the
the boundaries of
Cartilaginous Neurocranium
Cartilaginous Neurocranium
Membranous Neurocranium
Membranous Neurocranium
Cartilaginous Viscerocranium
Membranous Viscerocranium
Newborn Cranium