PRESENTATION

ON
CENTRE OF GRAVITY AND MOMENT
OF INERTIA

11/8/15

NAME: PRIYESH MALVIYA

ROLL NO: 140106082
SYSTEM ID: 2014014716
SUBMITTED TO: MR. R S OJHA
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Centre of gravity

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Introduction
In general when a rigid body lies in a
field of force acts on each particle of
the body. We equivalently represent
the system of forces by single force
acting at a specific point. This point
is known as centre of gravity.

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dw xc = xdw,
dw yc = ydw
( and dw zc = z dw

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Centroid of areas
We have seen one method to find out the centre of
gravity, there are other ways to find centroid of areas
and lines. Centroid is geometrical centre of an area.
dVxc = x dV
dVyc = y dV
(and dVzc = z dV
In case of 2-D (Area)
V=t . A
so dAxc = x dA
dAyc = y dA
dAzc = z dA, where xc, yc is called centroid of lamina.

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Centroid of and lines

A= wl,
where w is constant width
dlxc = x dl
dlyc = y dl
dlAzc = z dl,
Line should be either straight or
curved.
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Centroid of composite areas

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Moment of Inertia

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Moment of inertia

Moment of inertia is the name given to rotational inertia. The

rotational analog of mass for liner motion. It appears in the
relationship for the dynamics of rotational motion. The moment
of inertia must be specified with respect to chosen axis of
rotation. For point mass the moment of inertia is just the mass
times the square of perpendicular distance to the rotation axis,
I = mr2. That point mass relationship becomes the basis for all
other moments of inertia, since any object can be built up from
a collection of point masses.

Moment of inertia is simply resistance of torque against a

rotational axis

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Determination of the moment of inertia

of an area by Integration

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Polar moment of Inertia

The polar moment of inertia of a given area can be computed from the
rectangular moments of inertia Ix and Iy of the area if these quantities
are already known. Indeed, noting that r2 = x2 +y2, we write,
Jo = r 2dA
that is,
Jo = Ix + Iy

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The radius of gyration of an area A with respect to the x axis is

defined as the distance kx, where Ix = kx A

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Parallel axis theorem

The parallel axes theorem states that the moment of inertia of a
rigid body about any axis is equal to its moment of inertia
about a parallel axis through its centre of mass plus the product
of the mass of the body and the square of the perpendicular
distance between the two parallel axes.

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Reference
Centre of gravity by Thelearningpoint.net
Pictures from
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuhZBvs4Zidpv5xsp9Lv
NuQ
Vector mechanics for Engineers by P Beer & F Jhonston

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