ECDIS Safety Guide

ECDIS - Things you should know
Version 1.1 01/01/2012
Legal aspects and requirements (IMO

MC 1.27 C1)
ECDIS things you should

know
Introduction
Legal
Charts
Safety Settings
Voyage Planning
Questions

MC 1.27 C1)
What is ECDIS?
Electronic Chart Display and Information System
SYSTEM
INFORMATION
DISPLAY
ELECTRONIC CHART

MC 1.27 C1)

know
What does this mean?
a) Helicopter Pilot Boarding Station

b) Reporting Point
c) Propulsion Testing Range
d) Isolated danger of depth less
than the safety contour in safe water

MC 1.27 C1)

know
The same area but different settings
8m safety contour
Isolated dangers not
displayed
8m safety contour
Isolated dangers
displayed
10m safety contour
Isolated dangers
displayed
11m safety contour
Isolated dangers not
displayed

MC 1.27 C1)

know
Cluttered Screen
Hamburg Port as a non-navigable
area
The same area but

different settings
Clear Screen
Hamburg Port as a navigable area

MC 1.27 C1)

know
Most recent problems when

changing from paper to ECDIS:
Crew is not familiar with

operating the specific model
Crew is not trained in how to set
and interpret the safety values
Screen presentation is not
adopted to the present
condition
Difficulties in handling the
updates and licenses
Company procedures still refer
to paper charts

MC 1.27 C1)

know
Introduction
What is the outcome?
LT CORTESIA
CFL PERFORMER
PRIDE OF CANTERBURY
COSCO BUSAN
What do all accidents have in common?

Non of the officers were properly trained in the
use of ECDIS

MC 1.27 C1)

know
Introduction
Legal
Charts
Safety Settings
Voyage Planning
Questions

MC 1.27 C1)

know
ECDIS is just another piece of hardware we have to

buy and mount it on the bridge to comply with the
regulations.

MC 1.27 C1)

know
What does it take to operate this thing as my primary
means of navigation?

MC 1.27 C1)
Background and Legal history

of ECDIS
In 1995 the first IMO Resolution allowed ECDIS

to be used as conventional ships bridge
equipment.
In 1999 Transas Marine became the first

company in the world to receive type approval
for its Navi-Sailor 2400 ECDIS.
In July 2002 SOLAS Chapter 5 was amended

and for the first time included a provision for
the use of an electronic means of navigation to
meet SOLAS chart carriage requirements. Such
provision is included specifically in SOLAS V
Regulation 19.2.1.4. Details of ECDIS
(Electronic Chart Display and Information
System) and its use are contained in the IMO
ECDIS Performance Standard A817(19); this
specifies equipment capability and addresses
issues such as back-up and use of charts.
In June 2009 Amendments to SOLAS

regulation V/19, to mandate the carriage of
Electronic Chart Display and Information
Systems (ECDIS) were adopted.

MC 1.27 C1)
SOLAS Chapter V, Safety of

Navigation
Regulation 19: Carriage requirement
for ship borne navigation systems
and Equipment
19.2.1.4: All ships irrespective of size shall
have nautical charts and nautical
publications to plan and displays the
ships route for the intended voyage and
to plot and monitor positions throughout
the voyage. An electronic charts display
and information system (ECDIS) is also
accepted as meeting the chart carriage
requirement of this subparagraph;
19.2.1.5: All ships irrespective of size shall
have back-up arrangements to meet the
functional requirements of the above
subparagraph .4, if this function is partly
or fully fulfilled by electronic means.*
*An appropriate folio of paper nautical charts
may be used as an back-up arrangements for
ECDIS. Other back-up arrangements for ECDIS
might be acceptable (see appendix 6 resolution

MC 1.27 C1)
SOLAS Chapter V, Safety of

Navigation
Regulation 27: Carriage

requirement for shipborne
navigation systems and
Equipment
Nautical charts and nautical
publications, such as sailing
directions, lists of lights, notices
to mariners, tide tables and all
other nautical publications
necessary for the intended
voyage, shall be adequate and
up-to-date.

MC 1.27 C1)
IMO ECDIS Performance Standard

A817(19)
Electronic Chart Display and

Information System (ECDIS) means
a navigation information system
which, with adequate back up
arrangements, can be accepted as
complying with the up-to-date
chart required by regulation V/19
& V/27 of the 1974 SOLAS
Convention

MC 1.27 C1)
What is the difference between ECS

and ECDIS
ECS
(Electronic Navigation System)
ECDIS (Electronic Chart Display and

Information System)
Electronic chart software
Unofficial charts (e.g. Transas

TX-97)
None approved hardware
Type-approved hardware
Type-approved ECDIS
software
Approved installation
Official charts
(ENC/SENC/ARCS)
CAN BE USED AS
AN
AID TO
NAVIGATION
Chart corrections
subscription
CAN BE USED FOR
PRIMARY
NAVIGATION
PRIMARY
The crew
has been trained
for the usage

MC 1.27 C1)

know

MC 1.27 C1)
Typical System Layout
A typical System
Layout and minimum
sensor connections
Approved Hardware
meeting IEC 60945.
Minimum sensors*
EPFS
(Electronic Position
Fixing System)
Gyro
Log
(Heading device)
(Speed measuring unit)
*Minimum sensors are required

to be connected directly to both
stations in order to comply with
the ECDIS performance standard
requiring a safe take over
between main and back-up
solution.

MC 1.27 C1)
Time line for ECDIS mandatory

carriage requirement
July
2009
July
2010
New Passenger Ships

New Tankers
New Cargo ships
New Cargo ships
Existing Passenger ships
Existing Tankers
Existing Cargo
Existing Cargo
Existing Cargo
July
2011
July
2012
July
2013
July
2014
July
2015
July
2016
July
2017
>500gt
>3000gt
>10000gt
>3000gt
>500gt
>3000gt
>50000gt
>20000gt
>10000gt
July
2018

MC 1.27 C1)
Chart data format, origin, updating, legal

status and usage
Data
Category
Origin
Existence
of Priority
Coverage
Data
Standard
Updating
Status of
Data Set
HO
S57
Official
Official
ENC
Non-HO
other
Non
regular
ECS
data
No
official
ENCs
Official
updates
Official
RNC
Official
ENCs
exist
No
regular
updates
ECS
data
Regulatory
Status of
System
ECDIS
Vector
HO
Raster
Non-HO
ECS
+ full paper
folio
RCDS
+ suppl.
paper charts
ECS
+ full paper
folio

MC 1.27 C1)

know
The new STCW Code

will be in force 1st of
January 2012
Until the 1st of
January 2017 all
OOW / Captains have
to attend a Flag State
approved Generic
ECDIS Course to
renew their CoC
Every OOW needs a
type-specific training
for the ECDIS-model
in use

MC 1.27 C1)

know
Introduction
Legal
Charts
Safety Settings
Voyage Planning
Questions

MC 1.27 C1)

know
Charts are available in various formats, but only official ENC

/ SENC and Raster Charts* may be used for navigation
Old or expired charts and private data must not be used in
an ECDIS
Matrix
Raster
Private
Official
Vector
TX-97, CM-93
ARCS
ENC

MC 1.27 C1)

know

MC 1.27 C1)

know
Principal types of Electronic Charts

(IMO MC 1.27 C2)
Raster Charts
Raster Charts (ARCS,

Seafarer, BSB, NOS
Geo....)
Scanned charts - an
image!
Advantages:
Inexpensive to
produce
Similar to paper
charts
Disadvantages:
Dead chart, no
Alarms
Limited zoom
options
Requires large
memory capacity

(IMO MC 1.27 C2)
Vector Charts
Vector Charts (ENC, TX 97, C-Map 93...)

Digitalized paper charts- every object is defined
and grouped in layers that can be selected within
the set safety parameters.
Advantages:
Automatic alarm generation
Optional information (customized settings)
Zoom-able
Easy to correct
Requires little memory capacity (quick loading)
Information can be added (files, pictures etc.)

Readability in all presentations (Head-up, North-up,
Course-up)
Presentation according to the safety parameters of
the own ship
Disadvantages:
Expensive and time demanding production
Layout can be a bit different from paper charts
Coding errors even in official ENCs

MC 1.27 C1)

know
When an ENC chart

is loaded into the
system it becomes a
SENC, a System
Electronic
Navigational Chart
Loading preprocessed data
saves you a lot of
time during the
loading of the base
CDs

MC 1.27 C1)

know
ENC data and corrections are compiled and coded by each national
hydrographic office
Most national hydrographic offices provide their data for distribution
via the Regional ENC Coordinating Centers (RENC)
The RENC provide all official ENC data to chart suppliers
Local HO
RENC
Chart Reseller
Ship

MC 1.27 C1)

know
Official charts are named in the following way:
Navigational purpose
DE 1 10000
PL 2 2A4C8
DE 3 42500
DK 4 STOBN
GB 5 23789
US 6 FL1CU
Country identifier
Overview
General
Coastal
Approach
Harbor
Berthing
< 1 : 1,499,999
1 : 350,000 1 : 1,499,999
1 : 90,000 1 : 349,999
1 : 22,000 1 : 89,999
1 : 4,000 1 : 21,999
> 1 : 4,000

MC 1.27 C1)

know
Is the entire area

covered?
Is the chart
adequate by
scale?
Is there ENC
coverage?
Is there RNC
coverage?
Do I have the
charts on-board?
Do I need a
paper fill?

(IMO MC 1.27 C2)

know
Are all charts in use

official?

(IMO MC 1.27 C2)

know
Introduction
Legal
Charts
Safety Settings
Voyage Planning
Questions

(IMO MC 1.27 C2)

know
Safety Settings
Vector charts allow the presentation of the charted
area in accordance with the available depth lines and
soundings
Chart sounding datum
Safety Contour (input value)
Shallow Contour
Safety Depth
Safety Contour (existing in ENC)

Deep Contour
Oce
Shallow
Water
Unsafe Water
Non-navigable Area
Safe Water
Navigable Area
Deep Water
an f
loor

MC 1.27 C1)

know
By default the ECDIS

is set to 30m for
Safety Contour and
Safety Depth
But how do you find
appropriate values
for your safety
settings in ECDIS?
EXAMPLE:
Max. static draught:
8.0m
Max. squat:
1.6m
Max. chart inaccuracy:
1.5m
--------------------Other factors
(weather, sea state)
1.0m
Value for SC/ SD

13m

(IMO MC 1.27 C2)

know
unsafe
In order to
have a good
situational
awareness it
might be
appropriate to
select the two
shade mode for
presentation
during transit.
safe

MC 1.27 C1)

know
But how can

we safely
enter the port
of NYC with a
good
situational
awareness and
without
violating our
alarm
parameters
(which creates
a constant

MC 1.27 C1)

know
Entering
confined
waters it might
be required to
use 4-shade
mode and
reduce the
Safety Contour
value for a
better use
ability of the
system.
Aground
High Risk Area
Risk Area
No-Risk Area

MC 1.27 C1)

know
Introduction
Legal
Charts
Safety Settings
Voyage Planning
Questions

(IMO MC 1.27 C2)

know
Voyage Planning
Do you have all necessary charts?

Is the entire area covered?
Where do you have to use official
Raster Charts?
What is the Flag State requirement
for RCDS mode?
Is the route, no go areas, PI,
captains and navigators notes all
included?
Did you visually and automatically
check the route?

(IMO MC 1.27 C2)

know
Which route would

you choose?
Set safety
parameters and
alarms
Efficient and time
saving passage
planning
Use of internal and
external databases
Exchange of data
and plans between
ship to ship and
ship to shore
within the
company

(IMO MC 1.27 C2)

know
Captain, I loaded the latest available

update into our ECDIS. We are ready to
sail!

MC 1.27 C1)

know
And how about T&P notices? Did you

also apply the latest Navtex
messages?

(IMO MC 1.27 C2)
AIO
All T/P NTM released by

UKHO
Turned on/off as an extra
layer of information
Updates available weekly
from Transas chart server
A lot of countries includes
T/P notices in the ENC updat
es

(IMO MC 1.27 C2)

know
Is this a good
voyage plan?

MC 1.27 C1)

know
This a good
voyage plan!
XTD adopted
No Go Areas
Captains Notes
Ref. Bearings

(IMO MC 1.27 C2)

know
Make sure the route is checked thoroughly, both:
using the automated route check

visual in the original compilation scales,
using All Layers

MC 1.27 C1)

know
Did the navigator prepare PI Navigation?

MC 1.27 C1)

know
How about
optimizing the route
in accordance with
the latest weather
report?
Did you check for
tide and current?

MC 1.27 C1)

know
Did the crew use alternative means of positioning and

is able to present it?

(IMO MC 1.27 C2)

know
Select appropriate
values for Safety
Contour and Safety
Depth
Enter No-Go Areas
Plan your route as a
navigational channel
Make the XTD/XTE as
wide as possible
Check your route
visual (All Layers on)
and automatically
Use all available
means

(IMO MC 1.27 C2)

know
Questions?

ECDIS Safety Guide

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ECDIS - Things you should know

Version 1.1 01/01/2012

Legal aspects and requirements (IMO

ECDIS things you should

Legal aspects and requirements (IMO

Electronic Chart Display and Information System

Legal aspects and requirements (IMO

ECDIS things you should

What does this mean?

a) Helicopter Pilot Boarding Station

Legal aspects and requirements (IMO

ECDIS things you should

The same area but different settings

Legal aspects and requirements (IMO

ECDIS things you should

The same area but

Legal aspects and requirements (IMO

ECDIS things you should

Most recent problems when

Crew is not familiar with

Legal aspects and requirements (IMO

ECDIS things you should

What do all accidents have in common?

Legal aspects and requirements (IMO

ECDIS things you should

Legal aspects and requirements (IMO

ECDIS things you should

ECDIS is just another piece of hardware we have to

Legal aspects and requirements (IMO

ECDIS things you should

Legal aspects and requirements (IMO

Background and Legal history

In 1995 the first IMO Resolution allowed ECDIS

In 1999 Transas Marine became the first

In July 2002 SOLAS Chapter 5 was amended

In June 2009 Amendments to SOLAS

Legal aspects and requirements (IMO

SOLAS Chapter V, Safety of

Legal aspects and requirements (IMO

SOLAS Chapter V, Safety of

Regulation 27: Carriage

Legal aspects and requirements (IMO

IMO ECDIS Performance Standard

Electronic Chart Display and

Legal aspects and requirements (IMO

What is the difference between ECS

(Electronic Navigation System)

ECDIS (Electronic Chart Display and

Electronic chart software

Unofficial charts (e.g. Transas

None approved hardware

Legal aspects and requirements (IMO

ECDIS things you should

Legal aspects and requirements (IMO

Typical System Layout

(Speed measuring unit)

*Minimum sensors are required

Legal aspects and requirements (IMO

Time line for ECDIS mandatory

New Passenger Ships

Legal aspects and requirements (IMO

Chart data format, origin, updating, legal