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MONITORING

SEDIMENT TRANSPORT
DURING FLOODS IN
TUSCANY
Francalanci Simona 1, Paris Enio 2, Solari Luca 2, Minatti Lorenzo 1, Giorgio Valentino Federici

CERAFRI Center of Research and Advanced Education for Hydrogeological Risk Prevention, Via XI
Febbraio 2, 55040 Retignano di Stazzema (LU), Italy.
2
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Florence, Via S.Marta 3, 50139 Firenze (FI),
Italy.
1

Severe coastal erosion is affecting the Region of Tuscany (Central Italy) since the middle of last
century. In order to plan and design the mitigation measures, the Regional Administration has
funded a project aimed to assess both the quantity and quality of sediment delivery to the sea.

Since 2006 four sediment transport monitoring


stations have been installed in the north-western part
of Tuscany

THE MONITORING STATIONS


Italy
N..
Monitored
stations

of
events

TUSCANY

Drainage
area

Total
basinarea

atthestation

[km2]

[km2]

[mm]

atthestation

D50

Versilia

12

96

106

29.0

Magra

524

1698

49.5

Serchio

16

1355

1565

33.0

Arno

4083

8186

30.8

AIMS:
- develop flow-sediment rating curves for the monitoring stations;
- Investigate similarity laws of sediment transport in the Tuscany river basins.

ARNO RIVER MONITORING STATION

Florence
a
Tirreno Se

o
F. Arn

Rosano bridge

Sample verticals
A = 4083 Km 2
gauging station

no
Ar
F.

Arno gauging station

Rosano

SERCHIO RIVER MONITORING STATION

VERSILIA RIVER MONITORING STATION

MAGRA RIVER MONITORING STATION

FIELD PHASE
Instruments are controlled from bridge
by a mobile crane and by a cable-and-reel system

THE METHODOLOGY
TO DEVELOP
THE SEDIMENT RATING
CURVE

Rating curve: a combined approach (*)


Field phase
Bed material sampling - Hydrometric data - samples of sediment
transport during s flood events

Laboratory phase
Grain size distribution of bed material - bedload samples
and concentration of the suspended sediments

Modeling phase
Compute flow and sediment discharge
from field measurements Modeling flood events and sediment
transport dynamics - Development of sediment rating curves

(*)

RATING CURVE
Comparisons of experimental data with existing sediment transport equations
(Parker, 1990; Powell Reid & Laronne, 2001; Wilcock & Crowe, 2003;
Smith & Mc-Lean, 1977; Van Rijn, 1984) have been carried out.
In terms of total load the equation of Ackers & White (1973) in the modified
version by White & Day (1982) has proved to be reliable.

Serchio River- sediment rating curve

Q s [Kg/s]

measured
data

Q [m3/s]

COMPARISON OF RATING CURVES


considering the whole set of data
the plot of the total sediment load Qs [Kg/s] vs. liquid discharge Q
[m3/s]
seems to suggest a similar behaviour between rating curves

SEDIMENT RATING CURVE IN TERMS OF DIMENSIONLESS VARIABLES

CONCLUSIONS
Despite the large difference in the drainage areas (from 96 km2 to 4083 km2)
and bed sediment sizes (D50 from 29 mm to 50 mm), results show the rating
curves (total sediment discharge vs. flow discharge) made dimensionless with
appropriate scaling factors overlap, thus suggesting the existence of common
scaling laws.
The common scaling laws can be used to extend the flow sediment
relationships from monitored to non-monitored rivers.
Prediction of total sediment transport in the Tuscany basins by using a unique
(or regional) sediment rating curve is under investigation

Thank you for your attention!

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