ARCHITECTURE

INTRODUCTION TO
HUMANITIES

WHAT IS ARCHITECTURE?
The art and science of designing buildings.
Aims to satisfy the aesthetic requirements of the
buildings without the need for a sound structure
with complete utilities.
A vehicle for artistic expression in three
dimensions.

TYPES OF ARCHITECTURAL
CONSTRUCTIONS
Post and Lintel
Two vertical posts for support
(post)v and a horizontal line
(lintel).

STONEHE
NGE

Egyptian
lintel

TYPES OF ARCHITECTURAL CONSTRUCTIONS

The Arch
Functions
Support other structures such as
roofs etc.
Serve as actual and symbolic
gateways

TRIUMPHAL
ARCH
AT TYRE

TYPES OF ARCHITECTURAL CONSTRUCTIONS

The Cantilever
Any structural
part projecting
horizontally and
anchored at one
end only
Needs a beam
with great tensile
strength and does
not crack or break
easily

MATERIALS USED IN
ARCHITECTURE
Stone
Massive and virtually indestructible but expensive to
quarry and transport and to massive to readily handle
Wood
Beautiful and versatile material for building, abundant
and a renewable resource but can warp, crack and rot.

MATERIALS USED IN
ARCHITECTURE
Cast Iron
Introduced in the 19th century. Heavy, brittle and
allowed the erection of tall buildings.
Steel
Strong material with small amounts of carbon and
other metals. Expensive, rust and fire resistant.

MATERIALS USED IN
ARCHITECTURE
Concrete
Mixture of water and cement with aggregate of sand
and stones. Fire resistant with impressive strength

Brick
Compares favorably with some as structural
materials for its fine and weather resisting qualities

PHILIPPINE ARCHITECTURE
The Nipa Hut
Made of nipa, palm
leaves, wood and
bamboo
Influenced by
climate, weather
conditions and the
availability of
material

SAMPLES OF PHILIPPINE
ARCHITECTURE

Cultural Center of the Philippines

SAMPLES OF PHILIPPINE
ARCHITECTURE
San Miguel Foods
Corporation
headquarters

SAMPLES OF PHILIPPINE
ARCHITECTURE
Manila
Theater

DIFFERENT ARCHITECTURAL
STYLES
EGYPTIAN
ARCHITECTUR
E
- TRADITIONAL,
VIRTUALLY
UNCHANGEABLE
, AND
MYSTERIOUS
- BUILT TO LAST
A LIFETIME

DIFFERENT ARCHITECTURAL
STYLES
GREEK
ARCHITECTUR
E
- A LOW
BUILDING OF
POST AND
LINTEL

DIFFERENT ARCHITECTURAL
STYLES
GREEK
GREEK
GREEK
ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE
DORIC
--- IONIC
CORINTHIAN

ORNATE, TALLER AND

EARLIEST,
SIMPLEST,
BASE
AND SHAFT
SLENDER.
AND MOST IONIC,
RESEMBLES
CAPITAL IS ORNAMENTED
COMMONLY
TENDS
TO BEUSED.
MORE
WITH
SCROLLS

SLENDER

DIFFERENT ARCHITECTURAL
STYLES
ROMAN
ARCHITECTUR
E
- MOST
SIGNIFICANT
PART IS THE
ARCH
- EMPHASIZES
SPACE RATHER
THAN SOLIDS

DIFFERENT ARCHITECTURAL
STYLES
BYZANTINE
ARCHITECTURE
- FORMS OF
VAULTS AND
DOMES WERE
VISIBLY
EXTERNALLY
- THE EXTERIOR
CLOSELY
CORRESPONDS
WITH THE
INTERIOR

DIFFERENT ARCHITECTURAL
STYLES
BAROQUE
ARCHITECTURE
- ELABORATE
SCULPTURAL
ORNAMENTATION
- DECORATIONS
OF GARLANDS
WITH FLOWERS
AND FRUITS, AND
ALCOVES ARE
BUILT TO
RECEIVE STATUES

DIFFERENT ARCHITECTURAL
STYLES
MODERN
ARCHITECTURE
- NEW STRUCTURAL
MATERIALS ARE
USED IN VARYING
FORMS AND ARE
SCIENTIFICALLY
CALCULATED TO
AVOID WASTE
- CHARACTERIZED
BY UNBROKEN
LINES AND
VOLUMES