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CHAPTER 12
DNA Technology and
the Human Genome
Modules 12.1 12.6
From PowerPoint Lectures for Biology: Concepts & Connections
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
DNA enters
cell
Fragment of
DNA from
another
bacterial cell
Bacterial chromosome
(DNA)
Figure 12.1A
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Transduction, the
transfer of bacterial
genes by a phage
Phage
Fragment of
DNA from
another
bacterial cell
(former phage
host)
Sex pili
Donor cell
(male)
Figure 12.1B
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 12.1C
Recipient cell
(female)
Degraded DNA
Crossovers
Recipient cells
chromosome
Figure 12.1D
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Recombinant
chromosome
F factor (integrated)
Male (donor) cell
Origin of F replication
Bacterial chromosome
F factor starts
replication and
transfer of chromosome
Recipient cell
Figure 12.2A
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
F factor (plasmid)
Male (donor)
cell
Bacterial
chromosome
F factor starts
replication and
transfer
Plasmid completes
transfer and
circularizes
Bacterium
Plasmid
isolated
2
3 Gene
Bacterial
chromosome
DNA
isolated
inserted
into plasmid
Plasmid
Gene of
interest
Recombinant DNA
(plasmid)
DNA
Recombinant
bacterium
Copies of gene
Copies of protein
Clones of cell
Protein used to
make snow form
at higher
temperature
Protein used to dissolve blood
clots in heart attack therapy
Figure 12.3
Restriction enzyme
recognition sequence
1
DNA
Restriction enzyme
cuts the DNA into
fragments
Sticky end
Addition of a DNA
fragment from
another source
The result is
recombinant DNA
DNA ligase
pastes the strand
Figure 12.4
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
E. coli
1 Isolate DNA
Human cell
2 Cut both
Plasmid
DNAs with
the same
restriction
enzyme
DNA
Gene V
Sticky ends
Recombinant DNA
plasmid
Gene V
Figure 12.5
Genome cut up
with restriction
enzyme
Recombinant
plasmid
OR
Bacterial
clone
Plasmid
library
Recombinant
phage DNA
Phage
clone
Phage
library
Figure 12.6