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1-D Kinematics
Average & instantaneous velocity and acceleration
Motion with constant acceleration
Freefall
Kinematics Objectives
Kinematics
Motion
25 miles/hr
11 m/s
100 km/hr
62 miles/hr
28 m/s
120 km/hr
75 miles/hr
33 m/s
Motion in 1 dimension
In 1-D, we usually write position as x(t1 ) but for this level well
use d
Since its in 1-D, all we need to indicate direction is + or .
Displacement in a time t = t2 - t1 is
x = x2 - x1= d2 -d1
x
some particles trajectory
in 1-D
x2
x
x1
t1
t2
t
Honors Physics : Lecture 1, Pg 6
1-D kinematics
vav
(d2 - d1 )
d
t 2 t1
t
x
d2
x
d1
trajectory
Vav = slope of line connecting x1 and x2.
t1 t t2
1-D kinematics...
vav
(d2 - d1 )
d
t 2 t1
t
x2
x
x1
dx(t )
v(t )
dt
Calculus Notation
t1
t2
60
We saw that v = x / t
so therefore x = v t ( i.e. 60 mi/hr x 2 hr = 120 mi )
See text: 3.2
In calculus language we would
write dx = v dt, which we
t2
can integrate xto( t obtain:
2 ) x ( t 1 ) v ( t )dt
t1
+ +...+
= displacement
t
Honors Physics : Lecture 1, Pg 9
1-D kinematics...
a av
v (t 2 ) v (t1 ) v
t 2 t1
t
dt
dt 2
Problem Solving
Read !
Before you start work on a problem, read the problem
statement thoroughly. Make sure you understand what
information in given, what is asked for, and the meaning of all
the terms used in stating the problem.
Recap
If the position x is known as a function of time, then we can find both velocity v and acceleration a as a function of time!
x
x x( t )
vav
x (t 2 ) x (t1 ) x
t 2 t1
t
a av
v (t 2 ) v (t1 ) v
t 2 t1
t
t
t
Recap
1 2
at
2
a const