SCHOOL MAIN LIBRARY BUILDING

“DESIGN OF RAINWATER COLLECTION

SYSTEM”

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1.0. PROBLEM TITLE:

TO DESIGN A UNIVERSITY LIBRARY:

1.) GREEN ARCHITECTURE

1.A.) PASSIVE COOLING
1.A.A.) NATURAL LIGHTING AND
VENTILATION
1.A.B.) LANDSCAPING / POND
1.A.C.) ORIENTATION

2.) CHARACTER MUST FIT ITS USAGE

3.) WATER RECYCLE:

ATLEAST HELPS IN SAVING RAIN WATER
BY CONSIDERING THE
RAIN WATER CATCHMENT

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 1.) GREEN ARCHITECTURE
1.A.) PASSIVE COOLING

: WIDE OPENINGS – MAXIMIZING WINDOWS TO TRANSMIT NATURAL LIGHT AND VENT.

: ROOFING MATERIALS – USE CEMENT FIBER ROOFING (PLACA ROMANA)
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1.B.) LANDSCAPE SURROUNDINGS / POCKET GARDENS

1.B.) PROPER LANDSCAPING

: MAKES THE ATMOSPHERE / SURROUNDING COOLER
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 1.) GREEN ARCHITECTURE
(RENEWABLE ENERGY)
1.C.) ORIENTATION

maximize opening along

NORTH,

MINIMUM SPACES & EXPOSURE

AT
AFTERNOON SUN

MAIN ENTRANCE
ALONG
NORTH EAST

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 1.) CHARACTER of the BUILDING

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 1.) RAIN WATER CONSIDERATION

P E
S LO LO
PE S

 PROBLEM?
WHAT IS THE
PROPER SIZE BUTTERFLY
OF THE
MIDDLE ROOF
GUTTER?

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 DESIGN OF BUTTERFLY
GUTTER
 CALCULATING THE SIZE OF THE ROOF
GUTTER

 CALCULATE THE MAXIMUM SPACING

OF THE DOWNSPOUT

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 CALCULATING
THE SIZE OF THE
ROOF GUTTER

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 CALCULATING
THE SIZE OF THE ROOF GUTTER

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 GUTTER SIZING CONSIDERATION
In sizing gutters, the following considerations apply for typical section lengths of 8 to 10 feet (
2.41 to 3.0m):
1. Spacing and size of outlet openings. (The gutter can never be any more effective than the
outlet and downspout selected to drain it. Downspout sizes must not exceed the bottom width
of the rain gutters.)
2. Slope of the roof. (The gutter must be of such a design and location that water from a steep
pitched roof will not by its own velocity tend to overrun the front edge.)
3. Style of gutters to be used. (All gutters are not effective for their full depth and width.)
4. Maximum length of gutter. (50 ft.(15.2 m) between ends or expansion joints is the limit
unless the system is especially designed to accommodate the greater expansion, the larger
flow and the need for special supports.)
5. Rain Gutter support capability. (Supports should be based on full capacity of the gutter. Ice
load capacity also affect the size and strength of the system.)
Sloped gutters may be. Formulae for flow in gutters with different pitch are not available. The
capacity of a gutter with 1/16 in./ft.(5.21 mm/m) or less pitch is taken as that of a level gutter
even though it is somewhat greater.

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Reference:
Plumbing and Heating Calculations by F. Hall

1.) Calculating for the size of the roof gutter.

Determine the effective area of the roof that you intend to drain
to your rainwater tank. Sometimes the roof may be
complicated that you just use a part of it and not its entirety. If
you cannot do the measurement, hire someone who knows
how to use a measuring tape and can do a bit of trigonometry.
The equation is: Area of the roof = Effective width x length

Where Effective width = b +a/2

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2.) Solve for the flow load (Q).
 Use the equation: Q = A x R/3600
 Where Q = Rate of flow in cubic meter per
second or liters per second
 A = Area of the roof in square meters
 R = Rate of rainfall in the locality
 Use the data from PAGASA. If none is
available, use 0.125 meter per hour

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3.) Solve for the area of gutter (Ag). Use the equation:
 Where: Ag = Area of gutter in square millimeter
 Q = Rate of flow in liters per second
 B = Width of gutter; use either 100mm or 150mm

4.) Solve for the Depth of water flow (Dwf).

 Use the equation: Dwf = Ag/B


 Where: Dwf = Depth of water flow in the gutter millimeter

 Ag = Area of gutter in square millimeter
 B = Width of gutter used

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5.) Solve for the depth gutter (Dg).
 Use the equation: Dg = 2(Dwf) + 60mm
 Where: Dg = Depth of gutter in millimeters
 Dwf = Depth of water flow in millimeter
 60mm = for freeboard or allowance

 Now you can draw the profile of your gutter based

on the calculated depth and width of the gutter. If
you intend to buy ready-made gutters, make sure its
dimension will not be less than of your calculated
size.

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 Calculating for the maximum spacing of the
downspout.

1.) This process allows you to check on the spacing of

your downspouts, to make sure that you do not go
beyond the acceptable limit.
 Solve for the rate of runoff (Q) of a 1 meter of roof.

 Use the equation : Q = A x R / 3600

 Where:

Q = Rate of runoff in liter per second per meter

A = Area of roof with a slice length of 1 meter
R = Rainfall intensity in meter per hour
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2.) Solve for the maximum spacing of downspouts.
 Us e the equation : S = 2(Cg/Q)
 Where: S = Maximum spading of
downspouts in meters
 Cg = Capacity of gutter;
 For 100mm wide gutter, use 0.7 lps,
 For 150mm wide gutter, use 2.3 lps
 Q = Rate of runoff in liters per second

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Calculating for the
Diameter of the downspout (Dds).

This calculation allows you to determine the maximum size of the pipe
to use as a downspout in relation to the commercially available pipe
diameter.
Use the equation:
Ax1000
Dds = 5 -----------
3.2

Where: Dds = Diameter of downspout

A = Area of roof

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Calculating for the capacity of the rainwater task

1.) Solve for the Rate of flow (Q).

 Use the equation: Q = (A x R / 60) 1000

 Where: Q = Rate of flow in liters per minute

 A = Area of roof in square meters
 R = Rainfall intensity in meter per hour

2.) Solve for the capacity of the rainwater tank (Cwt).

 Use the equation: Cwt = Q x 20 minutes

 Where: Cwt = Capacity of rainwater tank in liters

 Q = Rate of flow in liters per minute
 20 minutes = the assumed longest storm period
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SAMPLE COMPUTATION

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 SOLVING FOR
THE EFFECTIVE
ROOF AREA

ROOF – 1
16.50x16.20 = 267.30 sq.m.

ROOF – 2
8.10x21.09 = 170.83 sq.m.
2(1.95)x13.50 = 52.65 sq.m.
=118.18 sq.m.

ROOF TOTAL
267.30 + 118.18 = 385.50sq.m.
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 SOLVE FOR THE FLOW LOAD (Q)

Use the equation: Q = A x R / 3600

Where :
Q = Rate of flow in cubic meter per second or liters per second
A = Area of the roof in square meters
R = Rate of rainfall in the locality
Use the data from PAGASA. If none is available,
use 0.125 meter per hour

Q = 385.50 x 0.125 / 360

-3 3
= 1.33 x 10 m/sec
or
1.33 LPS (Liter Per Second)
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 Solving for the
WATER INSIDE THE GUTTER
Use the equation: 2
Q
Let:
AG = 3 ----------- xB
B = 400 mm,
0.0001 Q = 1.33 Lit / sec

2
1.33
AG = 3 ----------- x 400 = 4.136 sq. mm.
0.0001

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 Solving for the
DEPTH OF WATER FLOW (DWF)
Use the equation:
AG AG = 4.136 sq. mm.
DWF = -----------
B B = 400 mm,

4.136 sq. mm.

DWF = -------------------- = 10.340 mm.
400 mm.

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 Solving
for the
DEPTH OF
OUTLET (DG)
Use the equation:
DG = 2 (DWF) + 60
DG = 2 (10.340) + 60
DG = 80.68 mm OR 100 mm

100 mm. depth

Therefore:
100mm depth is sufficient:

But we Adapted
340 mm depth 25
Calculating for the DIAMETER OF THE
DOWNSPOUT (DdS)
Use the equation: 2
A x 1000
Dds = 5 -----------
3.2 Where Dds = Dia. Of downspout
AT = Area of Roof
2
385.5 x 1000
Dds = 5 ---------------- = 107.73 mm. use 6 inches Dia.
3.2

Therefore:
1 unit - 6” dia. Both sides is enough
But we adapted 2 units – 6” dia. Both sides
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Solving for the capacity of the
RAINWATER TANK
SOLVING FOR RATE OF FLOW (Q) OF BUTTERFLY ROOF

Where :
A ROOF x R
A ROOF = 385.50
Q= ------------------ 1000 R = .125
60

385.50 x 0.125
Q= ------------------ 1000 = 803.125 Liters per minute
60

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 Solving for the capacity of the
RAINWATER TANK / CATCHMENT
SOLVING FOR THE CAPACITY OF TANK
Where :

Crwt = 803.125 x 20 = 16, 062.5 Liters

C rwt = 803.125
R = 20 minutes

SOLVING FOR VOLUME OF RAINWATER TANK (Vrwt)

16, 062.5 Liters

Vrwt = ---------------------------- = 16.0625 cu. M.
1000 Liters per cu. M.
Therefore:
PROVIDE A RAINWATER TANK WITH A
CAPACITY OF 16,062.50 LITERS OR A VOLUME OF
16. 0625 CU. METERS.
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