SEMINAR ON

WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION Via

SOLAR POWER SATELLITE

SUBMITTED TO:
R.S GARU
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

SUBMITTED BY:
PRAVEEN NAYAK BHUKYA
ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING

ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT

Y14MTEEE914

CONTENTS

Brief study of WPT

Introduction to SPS
How SPS works
Flow chart of solar power transmission
Overview of system design
Advantages & Disadvantages
Conclusion
References

WHAT IS WPT ???

The transmission of energy from one place to another without
using wires.
Conventional energy transfer is using wires.
But the wireless transmission is made possible by using
various technologies.
This Phenomena is also known as Witricity.

HISTORY OF WPT
Nikola Tesla in late 1890s gave the concept of Witricity.
He was able to transfer energy from one coil to another coil.
He managed to light 200 lamps from a distance of 40 km.
The idea of Tesla is taken into research after 100 years by a
team led by Marin Soljacic from MIT.

WHY NOT WIRES???

As per the studies , most electrical energy transfer is through
wires.
Most of the energy loss is during transmission.
On an average , more than 30%.
In India, it exceeds 40%.

WHY WPT???
Reliable
Efficient
Fast
Low maintenance cost
Can be used for short range as well as long range

IS WPT SAFE???
Human beings or other objects placed between the transmitter
and receiver do not hinder the transmission of power.
Magnetic field tend to interact very weakly with the biological
tissues of the body, and so are not prone to cause any damage
to any living being.

WPT BASICS
There are mainly 3 types of wireless energy transfer
1.Short Range Inductive Coupling
2.Medium range-Resonant Induction
3.Long Range Power Transfer-Electromagnetic wave

TYPES OF WPT
Ground based power transmission
Space based power transmission

 Space based power transmission is preferred over

ground based power transmission because :1.Energy is available 24 hours a day.
2.No storage required for nighttime power.
3.The energy available in space is 4 -5 times than on earth.
4.No long winter nights, no storms, no cloudy seasons.

INTRODUCTION TO SPS
The SPS is a gigantic satellite designed as an electric power
plant orbiting the geostationary earth orbit.
It consists of mainly three segments solar energy collector to
convert the solar energy into DC electricity, DC to microwave
converter and larger antenna array to beam down the
microwave power to the ground.

WHY SPS???
Increasing global energy demand.
Environmental problems due to fossil fuels.
To overcome energy crisis.
Overcome day and night effect and other factors such as cloud.

HOW SPS WORKS???

FLOW CHART OF SOLAR POWER

TRANSMISSION

OVERVIEW OF SYSTEM DESIGN

Solar Panel
Spacetenna (antenna on satellite)
Rectenna (rectifying antenna)

SOLAR PANEL
Set of solar photovoltaic modules electrically connected and
mounted on a supporting structure.
Photovoltaic module is a packaged , connected assembly of
solar cells.
Solar panels use photons(light energy) from sun to generate
electricity through photovoltaic effect.
Solar panels were first used in space in 1958.

SPACETENNA(ANTENNA ON SATELLITE)
Spacetenna is a triangular prism with a length of 800 m and
sides of 100 m.
The faces of prism are embedded with photovoltaic cells
.These cells would convert solar energy into electricity, which
in turn power onboard , Microwave Generator.
The microwave thus produced travels through atmosphere &
collected by RECTENNAS on earth.

RECTENNA(RECTIFYING ANTENNA)
An antenna comprising a mesh of dipoles and diodes for
absorbing microwave energy from a transmitter and
converting it into electric power.
Microwaves are received with about 85% efficiency.
95% beam will fall on the Rectenna.

5000 MW RECEIVING STATION IN USA

ADVANTAGES
The realization of the SPS concept holds great promises for
solving energy crisis.
No fuel required.
Unlimited energy resource.
Zero Carbon-dioxide emission.
Solar energy can be more efficiently collected in space.
Elimination of plant and wildlife interference.

DISADVANTAGES
The main drawback of solar power energy transfer from orbit
is the storage of electricity during off peak demand hours.
Interference with communication satellites.
The entire structure is massive.
High cost and require much time for construction.
Risks involved with malfunction.

CONCLUSION
More reliable than ground based solar power.
In order for SPS to become a reality several things have to
happen:
1.Government Support
2.Cheaper launch prices
3.Involement of private sectors

REFERENCES
Ralph H. Nansen solar power industries WIRELESS POWER
TRANSMISSION :The key to solar power satellites IEEE AES
system magazine , January 1996.
Brown, W. C., Beamed microwave power transmission and its
application to space, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech.,vol.40.
Kaya, N., S. Ida, Y. Fujino, and M. Fujita, Transmitting antenna
system for airship demonstration of
Space Energy and
Transportation IEEE Vol.1.
Hatsuda, T., K. Ueno, M. Inoue, Solar power satellite interference
assessment, IEEE, Vol. 3, No. 4, Dec. 2002
Transmission Technology, IEEE Microwave Magazine, December
2002.