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Purushartha
The word purushartha is derived from Sanskrit words, purusha meaning person or
self, and artha meaning aim or goal. Thus, the term purushartha means aim or
goals of human life. Human life without a purpose would be meaningless. One needs
to have aim or purpose in life towards which actions can be directed. The purushartha
acts as pointers in the life of humans. The four chief aims of purushartha are:
1. Dharma (righteousness)
2. Artha (wealth)
3. Kama (desire)
4. Moksha (liberation or salvation)
The purpose of purushartha is to ensure that people do not neglect their duties and
obligations by becoming obsessed with desires, that could lead to moral and social
decline. They help to maintain a balance in life, and lead people on to the path of
liberation, which is the ultimate goal of human birth.