MECHANICAL AND

ELECTRICAL HAZARD

Mohd Azizul bin Sulaiman

Syafullah bin Sulaiman
Muhammad Hafizuddin bin Ismail
Mohd Adham Akmal bin Tukiran
Ahmad Imran Solihan Bin Yusof

Industrial Hazard

It can defined as any condition produced

by or in industries that may cause injuries
or death to personal or loss of product or
property

Steps to Manage Health

and Safety at Work
Spot the hazard (Hazard Identification)

Assess the risk (Risk Assessment)

Make the Changes (Risk Control)

Type of Hazard
Physical Hazards

Mechanical Hazards

Electrical Hazards

Chemical

Being cover in
this
presentation

Mechanical Hazards

OSHA explains that mechanical hazards occur in

three basic areas: at the point where work is
performed, in the power transmission apparatus and
in other moving parts

Work points include areas where cutting, boring,

shaping and forming take place. Power transmission
areas are flywheels, belts, pulleys, couplings,
connecting rods, chains and gears, according to
OSHA. Other moving parts in machinery consist of
rotating, reciprocating, trans versing and feeding
mechanisms.

Crush points are also mechanical hazards in which

two objects move close together. These mechanical
hazards can easily crush limbs, fingers and bones.
Crushing incidents can also lead to death in certain
circumstances.

Example of
Mechanical Hazards

A drawing-in or
trapping hazard such
as between in-running
gear wheels or rollers
or between belts and
pulley drives;

A shearing hazard
which traps part of the
body, typically a hand
or fingers, between
moving and fixed parts
of the machine;

Example of Mechanical
Hazards

A cutting or severing
hazard through contact
with a cutting edge, such
as a band saw or rotating
cutting disc;

An entanglement hazard
with the machinery which
grips loose clothing, hair
or working material, such
as emery paper, around
revolving exposed parts
of the machinery. The
smaller the diameter of
the revolving part the
easier it is to get a wrap
or entanglement;

A crushing hazard through

being trapped between a
moving part of a machine
and a fixed structure,
such as a wall or any
material in a machine;

Controls for Mechanical

Hazards
If hazard is not essential to the experiment
or project, eliminate it all together or
engineer it out

If it is not possible to eliminate the hazard,

guard it

If it is not possible to guard it, must rely on

training and personal protective
equipment

Fixed Guard

Adjustable Guard

Retractable Guard

Interlocking Guard

Presence Sensing
Device

Electrical Hazards

Electricity is a safe, clean and quiet method of

transmitting energy. However, this source
of energy when accidentally brought into contact with
conducting material, such as people, animals or metals,
permits releases of energy which may result in serious
damage or loss of life. Constant awareness is necessary
to avoid and prevent danger from accidental releases of
electrical energy

Example of electric
hazards
Electric shock
Electric burns
Electrical fires and explosions
Arcing

Different between
electric shock and
electric
burns
Electric shock
Electric burns
Electric shock is the
convulsive reaction by the
human body to the flow of
electric current through it.

Electric burns are usually

more severe than those
caused by heat, since they
can penetrate deep into
the tissues of the body.

The shock can be

produced by low voltages,
high voltages or lightning.

The burns can be

determined by the
duration of contact and
the electrical resistance of
body tissue.

Electrical fires and

explosions
Over 25% of all fires have a cause linked to a
malfunction of either a piece of electrical
equipment or wiring or both.
Electrical fires are often caused by a lack of
reasonable care in the maintenance and use
of electrical installations and equipment.
The chances of electrical fires occurring are
considerably reduced if the original
installation was undertaken by competent
electricians working to recognized standards,
such as the Institution of Electrical Engineers
Code of Practice. It is also important to have a
system of regular testing and inspection in
place so that any remedial maintenance can
take place.

Arcing

A person who is standing on earth too close to a

high voltage conductor may suffer flash burns as a
result of arc formation.

Electric arc faults can cause temporary blindness by

burning the retina of the eye.

The risk of arcing can be reduced by the insulation

of live conductors.

THANK YOU