JAPANESE

OCCUPATION
Between 1941 and 1945
- when the empire of the Japan

occupied the commonwealth

of the Philippines during World
War II.

 December 07, 1941

- Japanese attacked the

Philippines
after
the
bombing of Pearl Harbor
ten hours earlier.

December 8, 1941
- Japanese bombed Camp John
Hay in Baguio City, Clark Air
Base in Nichols Field outside of
Manila.
-The invasion started on Pearl
Harbor.

December 10,1941
- Japanese landed in Aparri,
Cagayan, and, Vigan, Ilocos Sur.

 December 22, 1941

- Japanese landed in Lingayen
Gulf, Luzon, and continued to
advance to Manila.

December 23, 1941

- General Douglas MacArthur,
head of the Allied Forces,
withdrew
from
Manila
and
relocated to Bataan.

General Douglas

December 26, 1941

- General MacArthur declared
Manila an Open City on the
advice
of
Commonwealth
President Manuel L. Quezon to
avoid further destruction.

December 27, 1941

- Japanese bombed Manila.
January 2, 1942
- Japanese captured Manila and
U.S. Naval Base in Cavite. Japanese
Military Administration activated
bringing Philippines firmly under
Japanese control.

January, 2 1942
- Postal service under U.S.
Commonwealth
was
temporarily suspended.

January 3, 1942
- Proclamation issued by the
Imperial Japanese Government
as to the immediate use of war
notes (military pass money)
issued by the Japanese.
January 23, 1942
- Establishment of Philippine
Executive
Commission
with

Establishment of Philippine
Executive Commission

 February 22, 1942

- U.S. President Franklin D.
Roosevelt ordered General
MacArthur to leave the
Philippines.

March 4, 1942
- Postal service in Manila reopened under Japanese
Administration.

March 18, 1942

- President Roosevelt appointed
General MacArthur commander of
the Southwest Pacific Theater.

March 11, 1942

General
MacArthur
left
Corregidor and was flown to
Australia.
Gen.
Jonathan
Wainwright became the new U.S.
commander.

March 24, 1942

- Admiral Chester W. Nimitz
appointed as Commander-inChief of the U.S. Pacific
Theater.

April 3, 1942
- Japanese attacked American
and Filipino troops in Bataan.

April 9, 1942
- American and Filipino forces in
Bataan
surrendered
to
the
Japanese.

April 10, 1942

- Death March began with
76,000 Allied Prisoners of War
(POW) forced to walk 60 miles
under blazing sun without food
and water toward a new POW
camp. An estimated 10,000
prisoners died.

May 6, 1942
- Japanese took Corregidor as
General
Wainwright
unconditionally surrenders all U.S.
and
Filipino
forces
in
the
Philippines. (Fall of Corregidor).

May 12, 1942

- The last U.S. Troops holding
out in the Philippines surrendered
in Mindanao.

 August 29, 1942

- The Red Cross announced
Japans refusal to allow safe
passage
of
ships
containing
supplies for U.S. prisoners of war.

July 10, 1943

- A new constitution was finalized
as
drawn
by
the
Preparatory
Commission
for
Philippine
Independence. Ratified two months
later by the KALIBAPI (Kapisanan sa
Paglilingkod sa Bagong Pilipinas), the
only political party allowed to exist.

September 20, 1943- Election of

fifty four (54) members to the
National Assembly was held.
October 14, 1943- Inauguration
of
Philippine
Independence
(Second Republic) with Jose P.
Laurel as President.

September 21, 1944

- U.S. Allied Forces started
bombing Japanese controlled
areas.
October, 1944
- American forces conducted
air raids at Clark Air Base in
October, continuing for four
months and damaging over

October 20, 1944

- U.S. Allied Forces, headed by
General Macarthur, triumphantly
landed in Leyte.

October 23-26, 1944

- Battle of Leyte Gulf resulted in a
decisive U.S. Naval victory. This
encounter almost destroyed the
entire Japanese fleet and signaled
the beginning of the liberation of
the Philippines.

October 25, 1944

- Lt. Gen. Tomoyuki Yamashita ,
supreme
commander
of
the
Japanese troops in Manila, ordered
the kamikazes (Japanese suicide
bombers) only to fail miserably.

December 8, 1944
- President Laurel and cabinet
members moved to Baguio City
upon orders from Yamashita.
December 15, 1944
U.S.
troops
Mindoro.

invaded

 January,1945
- General Tomoyuki Yamashita
moved his headquarters from
Manila to Baguio in anticipation of
the coming invasion of the allied
forces.
January 3,1945
- Gen. Douglas MacArthur placed
in command of all U.S. ground
forces and Adm. Chester Nimitz in
command of all naval forces in

February 3, 1945
- U.S. Sixth Army attacked
Japanese Forces in Manila.
The
beginning of the Liberation of
Manila by American and Filipinos
soldiers.
February 3, 1945
- Last Day of postal service under
Japanese Occupation.

February 16, 1945

- U.S. Troops recaptured
Bataan.

March 2, 194
- U.S. airborne troops
recaptured Corregidor.

March 3, 1945
- U.S. and Filipino troops took
Manila.

March 10, 1945

- U.S. Eight Army invaded
Zamboanga
Peninsula
in
Mindanao.
June 18, 1945
-Japanese resistance ends in
Mindanao.

June 28, 1945

Gen.
MacArthur's
headquarters announced the end
of all Japanese resistance in the
Philippines.
July 5, 1945
- Liberation of Philippines
declared.
August 14, 1945

September 1945
- Formal Japanese surrender
ceremony
on
board
U.S.S.
Missouri in Tokyo Bay as 1,000
carrier
based
planes
fly
overhead.

September 2, 1945
- U.S. President Harry Truman
declared VJ Day (Victory Japan).
September 3, 1945
- Gen. Yamashita surrendered to
Gen. Wainwright in Baguio City.

 TheThe
Japanese military authorities
Occupation:began organizing a
immediately
new government structure in the
Philippines.
They initially organized a Council
of State through which they
directed to civil affairs until
October 1943 and declared the
Philippines
an
independent
republic.

Resistance:
Japanese occupation of the
Philippines was opposed by
active
and
successful
underground
and
guerrilla
activity that increased over the
years and covered a large
portion of the country.
Kempeitai and Makapili were
guerrillas
Japanese-formed

 Postwar investigations showed

about 260,000 people were in
guerrilla organizations and the
members
of
anti-Japanese
underground were even more
numerous
Japan controlled only 12 of the
48 provinces
Throughout
Luzon
and
the
southern islands, Filipinos joined
various groups and vowed to

 General MacArthur formed a

clandestine operation to support
guerrilla,
he
had
Lieutenant
commander
Charles
Chick
Parsons smuggle guns, radios, and
supplies to them by submarine
Invasion and sabotaging Japanese
forces began led by MacArthur
(USAFFE) U.S Army Forces Far East
refused to surrender to local militia
initially organized to combat

Economic Condition Under

Japanese Rule
AGRICULTURE
The economic activities during
the occupation of the Japanese
were limited.
Industry, commerce, and trade
suffered losses.
Domestic animals like chickens,
pigs, goats and those used in
agriculture like cows, horses and

 Rice production sank and the

limited supply were taken by the
Japanese military officials to feed
their men.
Due to rice scarcity, its price
increases.
The
Bigasang
Bayan
was
organized
to
control
the
procurement and distribution of
rice and other cereals.
Cigarettes also become rare

 In view of scarcity of food,

President Laurel appealed to the
people to plant in their backyard
some vegetables to alleviate
hunger.
Price of the cigarette is also
expensive.
Helpless smokers who cannot
resist their addiction take papaya
dried leaves.
Uncooked rice for coffee addicts.

Transportation
o Cars
o Trucks
o Other means of
transportation
Mickey Mouse Money
oPhilippine fiat money

Social Condition under

SOCIAL Japanese
DIVISIONS: Rule
oWealthy few
oPoor majority

Life of the Filipinos

Japanese rule:
oMiserable
oPathetic
oUnfortable
oFull of fears

during

 There is no peace of mind for

the Filipinos.
Everyone is anticipating for his
arrest or torture.
No feeling of security
Nobody could sleep soundly.
Crimes against in person and
property increase in number.
Scarcity of medicine is also
experienced.

Cultural Development Under

Japanese Occupation
Forms of entertainment
oComedies
oTheaters
Popular plays
oGolden Boy
oSa Pula, Sa Puti
oIsang Kuwaltang Abaka
oThe Husband of Mrs. Cruz

There still many Filipinos who are

involved in VICES like:
oSmoking
oCockfighting
oDice games
oMahjong
oJueteng
oOther card games

Language
oJapanese propagated Tagalog as
National Language.
oThey discouraged Filipinos from
writing in English language.
oTeaching of Nippongo was made.
oJournalist using
English was
suppressed.
oJapanese helped the writers in
Tagalog to rediscover the beauty
and potentialities of the native

Educational System
oJapanese educational policy was
embodied in Military Order No. 2.
Basic Point:
oPropagation of Filipino culture;
oDissemination of the principle of the
Greater East Asia Co- Prosperity
Sphere;
oSpiritual
rejuvenation
of
the
Filipinos;
oThe teaching and propagation of
Nippongo;

Thank You for

Listening
God Bless!