ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 2

NEWTONS LAW OF COOLING

AMYRAH SHAHYERAH BINTI KEIRUDIN

MUHAMMAD FARID BIN MUSTAFA
NURHAFIDZ BIN ABDUL RAHMAN

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NURUL DIANA SYAKILA BINTI MOHAMAD ROSLI DF140099

NURUL HIKMAH BINTI ARIS

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WAN FATIN AFIFAH BINTI WAN MOHD FAUZI

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NEWTONS LAW OF COOLING

History

In 17th century, Isaac Newton studied the nature of cooling

Found that there is a less than 10 degree difference between 2 objects

The rate of loss is proportional to the temperature difference

He applied the principle to estimate the temperature of red-hot-iron ball by observing

the time which took to cool from a red heat to a known temperature

Comparing this with the time taken to cool from a red heat through a known range at
ordinary temperatures

According to this law, if the excess of the temperature of the body above its
surrounding is observed at equal intervals on time, the observed values will form a
geometrical progession with a common ratio

However, Newtons law was inaccurate at high temperature

Pierre Dulong and Alexis Petit corrected Newtons Law by clarifying the effects of
temperature of the surroundings

WHAT IS NEWTONS LAW OF

COOLING?

Newton's Law of Cooling states that the rate of change of the temperature of an object
is proportional to the difference between its own temperature and the ambient
temperature (i.e. the temperature of its surroundings).

The rate of loss of heat by a body is directly proportional to the temperature

difference between system and surroundings, provided the difference is smal

T(t) =The temperature of given body at time t

Ts = The temperature of surrounding
To = the Initial temperature of the body
K = the constant
t = the time taken

FORMULA DERIVATION

THE ORIGINAL FORMULA

LINEAR EQUATION METHOD

INTEGRATING FACTOR

FORMULA DERIVATION

NEWTONS LAW OF COOLING

PROBLEM STATEMENT

The oil is heated to 60oC. It cools to 50oC after 6 minutes. Find the time taken
by the oil to cool from 50oC to 40oC (Surrounding temperature Ts= 25oC)

FILA TABLE

SOLUTION

Given Temperature of oil at 60oC T(6) = 50oC

Ts = 25oC

To = 60oC

t = 6 minutes

The Newtons Law of cooling formula is given by

SOLUTION

Substitute the given value into equation

If Tt= 45oC (average temperature is considerd as temperature decreases from 50 oC

to 40oC)
The time taken is

CONCLUSION

find the time taken of the oil to cool down from 50oC to 40oC, we use Newtons Law
To
of Cooling Formula :

After finding the value of k, we substitute the value into the equation and got
the answer which is 9.993 minutes was taken of the oil to cool down from 50 oC
to 40oC.