Automotive Embedded System

SEE THE REFERENCES

Introduction
The details of embedded electronics in automotive

systems is depicted very nicely in this picture from

Clemson University:

http://www.cvel.clemson.edu/auto/systems/auto-systems.html

Lets go through a fine

introduction to automotive embedded system by Hiro

Takada
Steve Corrigan. Introduction to the Controller Area
Network (CAN), Texas Instruments. Industrial
interface: July 2008

Internet of Things
Devising sensors and algorithms to handle the front-

and back-ends of the IoT are the easy part.

Securing/protecting the IoT from the hackers
(malicious attacks) and inadvertent
misuse/interference are critical issues to be
addressed.
Yet to be explored: The middleware between the
sensors in things at the edge of the internet, and the
data collection and analysis on the cloud.

Just hot off the press

From the Design Automation Conference 2014:

http://www.embedded.com/print/4430404

Clemsons View of Automotive Electronics System

http://www.cvel.clemson.edu/auto/systems/auto-systems.html

CAN Bus
Controller Area Network (CAN)
Reference: SLOA101AAugust 2002Revised July 2008

Introduction to the Controller Area Network (CAN)

The CAN bus was developed by BOSCH as a multi-master,
message broadcast system that specifies a maximum signaling
rate of 1 megabit per second (bps).
Unlike a traditional network such as USB or Ethernet, CAN
does not send large blocks of data point-to-point from node A
to node B under the supervision of a central bus master.
In a CAN network, many short messages like temperature or
RPM are broadcast to the entire network, which provides for
data consistency in every node of the system.

CAN Bus (contd.)

The specification calls for high immunity to electrical

interference and the ability to self-diagnose and

repair data errors.
These features have led to CANs popularity in a
variety of industries including building automation,
medical, and manufacturing.
See figure 1 for architecture: this is a good example
for the architecture of your term project.
See figure 2 for standard CAN message format
See figure 3 extended CAN message format

Distinctive features of CAN Bus

Inverted (voltage) logic
The allocation of priority to messages in the identifier is a feature of

CAN that makes it particularly attractive for use within a real-time

control environment.
Automatic arbitration based on the priority, in case more than one
transmission is encountered.
Details of the CAN bus figure 6: CAN Device (DSP/Microcontroller),
CAN controller, CAN Transceiver, CAN Bus lines (CANLCANH)
The High-Speed ISO 11898 Standard specifications are given for a
maximum signaling rate of 1 Mbps with a bus length of 40 m with a
maximum of 30 nodes.
Different types of messages.
Payload semantics: advantage.

Conclusion as given in the report

CAN is ideally suited in applications requiring a large number of

short messages with high reliability in rugged operating

environments. Because CAN is message based and not address
based, it is especially well suited when data is needed by more
than one location and system-wide data consistency is mandatory.
Fault confinement is also a major benefit of CAN. Faulty nodes are
automatically dropped from the bus, which prevents any single
node from bringing a network down, and ensures that bandwidth
is always available for critical message transmission. This error
containment also allows nodes to be added to a bus while the
system is in operation, otherwise known as hot-plugging.
Has wide practical application in a number of industries other
than automobile.

Hmm.. How about scalability?

How about bandwidth for communications?
How about different types for different systems? Kind of hybrid?
Flexray?
Lin?
MOST?
CAN-FD?
Ethernet?
See this paper lets read and understand..
D. Thiele, P. Axer, R. Ernst, J. Diemer, and K. Richter, Cooperating on real-

time capable ethernet architecture in vehicles, in Proc. Of Internationaler

Kongress Elektronik im Fahrzeug, oct 2013. https://ece.uwaterloo.ca/~
sfischme/rate/S1P2.pdf
(Afterall, the ECUs are moving an automobile towards a computign system, why
not use the bus that is so sucessful in general computer communications?)

Summary
We had a high-level view of the automotive

embedded system.
We will further explore these units in depth in the
next weeks lecture and as per need by the various
projects chosen by you.
We will also look into to the manager AUTOSAR
that brings all things together.