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Global Climate
Human activities have affect global climate
change.
Climate change increases mean
temperature in eart surface caused of
greenhouse gas, including: CO2, CH4, N2O,
HFCS, PFCS, dan SF6.
Greenhouse gas are usually result of fossil
energy, forest fire, and agricultural
activities.
Indonesia
This country is the forth biggest population,
with amount of people about 215 million
(2003), tropical and maritim area.
Indonesia has reserve of coal, natural gas,
and oil that is very significant.
As main contibutor for greenhouse emission
from energy sector.
Indonesia has ratified Kyoto Protocol, 19th
October 2004.
PROJECTION OF
TEMPERATURE CHANGE
IN INDONESIA
Year = 2000
Year = 2010
Year = 2020
Year = 2040
Year = 2050
Year = 2060
Year = 2070
Year = 2080
Year = 2090
Year = 2100
Year = 2100
Forest Fire
Storm
Source: Susandi, 2006
Year = 2100
Landslide
El-Nino & La-Nina
CO2 Emission
(Gt/year)
Year
Base
Year
Base
Year
Base
Mitigation
Year
SOLAR ENERGY
Energy Planted = 8 MW
W/m2
= Wind Energy
= Solar Energy
= Biofull Energy
= Geothermal Energy
= Coal Energy
Year
Source: Susandi, 2008
Model
SMARTS
Solar Radiation in
Wavelength
Spectrum
January
P a s u ru a n
-7 .5
T re te s
Kedaw ung
W r in g in a n o m
J a tir o to
-8
Banyuw angi
112
1 1 2 .5
113
1 1 3 .5
114
L O N G IT U D E
440
545 560 575 590 605 620 635 650 665 680 695 710 725
740
W/m2
February
P a s u ru a n
-7 .5
T re te s
Kedaw ung
W r in g in a n o m
J a tir o to
-8
B anyuw angi
112
1 1 2 .5
113
1 1 3 .5
114
L O N G IT U D E
440
545 560 575 590 605 620 635 650 665 680 695 710 725
740
W/m2
March
P a s u ru a n
-7 .5
T re te s
Kedaw ung
W r in g in a n o m
J a tir o to
-8
B anyuw angi
112
1 1 2 .5
113
1 1 3 .5
114
L O N G IT U D E
440
545 560 575 590 605 620 635 650 665 680 695 710 725
740
W/m2
April
P a s u ru a n
-7 .5
T re te s
Kedaw ung
W r in g in a n o m
J a tir o to
-8
B anyuw angi
112
1 1 2 .5
113
1 1 3 .5
114
L O N G IT U D E
440
545 560 575 590 605 620 635 650 665 680 695 710 725
740
W/m2
May
P a s u ru a n
-7 .5
T re te s
Kedaw ung
W r in g in a n o m
J a tir o to
-8
B anyuw angi
112
1 1 2 .5
113
1 1 3 .5
114
L O N G IT U D E
440
545 560 575 590 605 620 635 650 665 680 695 710 725
740
W/m2
June
P a s u ru a n
-7 .5
T re te s
Kedawung
W r in g in a n o m
J a tir o to
-8
B anyuw angi
112
1 1 2 .5
113
1 1 3 .5
114
L O N G IT U D E
440
545 560 575 590 605 620 635 650 665 680 695 710 725
740
W/m2
July
P a s u ru a n
-7 .5
T re te s
Kedawung
W r in g in a n o m
J a tir o to
-8
B anyuw angi
112
1 1 2 .5
113
1 1 3 .5
114
L O N G IT U D E
440
545 560 575 590 605 620 635 650 665 680 695 710 725
740
W/m2
August
P a s u ru a n
-7 .5
T re te s
Kedawung
-8
W r in g in a n o m
J a tir o to
B anyuw angi
112
1 1 2 .5
113
1 1 3 .5
114
L O N G IT U D E
440
545 560 575 590 605 620 635 650 665 680 695 710 725
740
W/m2
September
P a s u ru a n
-7 .5
T re te s
Kedaw ung
-8
W r in g in a n o m
J a tir o to
B anyuw angi
112
1 1 2 .5
113
1 1 3 .5
114
L O N G IT U D E
440
545 560 575 590 605 620 635 650 665 680 695 710 725
740
W/m2
October
P a s u ru a n
-7 .5
T re te s
Kedawung
-8
W r in g in a n o m
J a tir o to
B anyuw angi
112
1 1 2 .5
113
1 1 3 .5
114
L O N G IT U D E
440
545 560 575 590 605 620 635 650 665 680 695 710 725
740
W/m2
November
P a s u ru a n
-7 .5
T re te s
Kedawung
-8
W r in g in a n o m
J a tir o to
B anyuw angi
112
1 1 2 .5
113
1 1 3 .5
114
L O N G IT U D E
440
545 560 575 590 605 620 635 650 665 680 695 710 725
740
W/m2
December
P a s u ru a n
-7 .5
T re te s
Kedaw ung
-8
W r in g in a n o m
J a tir o to
B anyuw angi
112
1 1 2 .5
113
1 1 3 .5
114
L O N G IT U D E
440
545 560 575 590 605 620 635 650 665 680 695 710 725
740
W/m2
http://www.stanford.edu/group/MERGE/
United States
Western Europe
Japan
6.
7.
8.
4.
CANZ (Canada,
Australia, New Zealand)
EEFSU (Eastern Europe,
Former Soviet Union)
9.
5.
Negara Non-Annex
I
China
India
MOPEC
(Mexico+OPEC)
ROW (rest of the
world)
10. Indonesia
thank you
armi@geoph.itb.ac.id
www.armisusandi.co
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