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FIBROSIS
CHINCHU
M
ASTHMA
DEFINITION
Asthma
ETIOLOGY
Respiratory
infections
Allergens
Weather
changes
Exercise
Emotional
factors
GERD
Inflammation
of upper airways
RISK FACTORS
Age
Heredity
Gender
Maternal
smoking
Ethnicity
Previous
77% Of Asthma
Begins In Children
Less Than 5 Years
Asthma Inflammation
Clinical Features
Recurrent Wheeze
Recurrent Cough
Recurrent Breathlessness
Nocturnal Cough/Breathlessness
Tightness Of Chest
Asthma by Consensus, IAP 2003
Symptomatology
Cough
90%
Wheezing 74%
Exercise induced wheeze or cough 55%
Diagnostic evaluation
History
Physical
examination
Clinical features
Laboratory test
Radiographs
PEFR
NORDIC CONSENSUS
Confirm Asthma if,
If the child is having 3 attacks of airway obstruction in
last 1 yr.
IAP GUIDELINES
3 Or More Episodes Of Airflow Obstruction With Several Of
The Following:
Afebrile Episodes
Personal Atopy Or Family H/O Atopy / Asthma
Nocturnal Exacerbations
Exercise/Activity Induced Symptoms
Trigger Induced Symptoms
Seasonal Exacerbations
Relief With Bronchodilators Oral Steroid
Asthma Treatments
Asthma treatment
Adrenergic
agonist
Corticosteroids
Anticholinergics
Methylxanthines
Magnesium
Heliox
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
NURSING MANAGEMENT
Regular
Teach
Encourage
CYSTIC FIBROSIS
Cystic Fibrosis
Etiology
Genetically transmitted
disease
Genes (DNA)
From parents
Pathophysiology
Defective gene
Related to protein
involved in chloride ion
transport
Stagnant mucus
Malabsorption &
malnutrition
(MedlinePlus, 2006)
Symptoms
Meconium ileus
Salty-tasting skin
Steatorrhea
Appears at birth
Diagnostic Tests
Sweat Test
Measures sodium or
chloride in persons
sweat
Two samples
Ensure false-positive
does not occur
Not reliable on
newborns
Genetic Analysis
Recommend checking
family members and first
cousins
Treatments
Antibiotics
Mucus-thinning drugs
Aerosolized
Thins secretions
Easier to cough up
Bronchodilators
Treatments
Postural drainage
High calorie diet
Special vitamins & pancreatic enzymes
Lung transplant
Pain relievers
Ibuprofen
Respiratory infections
Avoid exposure
Community resources
Genetic counseling
Written information
Home care
Support services
Presentation of Disease
Presentation of Disease
Colon
Pancreas
Sticky mucus secretion
Gene Therapy
Thank You