Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
by Rheabelle E. Palajos
along
coasts
of
General Anatomy
Reproduction:
At least three modes of reproductionheterosexual
(dioecious) , hermaphroditic (External and internal selffertilization) , and parthenogenetic (unfertilized eggs develop
into embryos) --are found in fishes.
Classification:
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Cephalochordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Agnatha
Class Ostracodermi
Class Myxini
Class Cephalaspidomorphi
Superclass Gnathostomata
Class Acanthodii
Class Placodermi
Class Chondrichythes
Class Osteichthyes
Subclass Sarcopterygii
Subclass Actinopterygii
Infraclass Chondrostei
Infraclass Neopterygii
Superclass Gnathostomata-
Vertebrates
Taphonomy
While fish remains are common in some archaeological
contexts, they tend to be rare relative to the mammal remains in
most sites.
Significant taphonomic factors that influence fish remains:
1.Those that alter the morphological or physical and
chemical characteristics, or completeness of bones
-mineralized cartilage does not preserve well; within bony
fishes some bones are more resistant to deterioration and
modification than others.
carcasses of different species of fish do not naturally decay in
the same way despite almost equal external conditions
the ratio of the size of the body cavity to the mass of the
body determines the mode of decay
-fish bone rarely preserves in acidic sediments, whereas
sediments that are neutral or basic are conducive to fish bone
survival
-coarse sediments can abrade fish remains
2.Those that affect the spatial distribution of bones
-the degree of disarticulation is an indication of how
decomposed fish carcasses were prior to burial; the greater the
disarticulation, the longer the carcasses were exposed to bacterial
action while underwater but on the surface of the lake bottom or
Geological Importance
1. They are important sediment makers.
2. They
may
contribute
information
about
limnology, community composition, life history,
mortality,
depositional
environment,
and
preservation.
3. Modern fish faunas and associated organisms
provide taxonomic, ecological, or functional
analogues for interpretation of ancient limiting
factors and behaviors.
4. Interpretation of fossil skeletal patterns of
disarticulation, disorientation, and displacement
allows the possibility of determining temperature
and depth of lakes, inferring types of lake
stratification (if any) and seasons and causes of
death, and of estimating oxygen conditions and
something
of
chemistry
and
rate
of
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