Safety, Security, Comfort

Systems, and Electrical

Accessories
Chapter 34

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Objectives

Explain how passive restraints work

Give examples of passive and active restraints
Describe air bag system operation
Demonstrate knowledge of the operation and
service of security systems

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Objectives (cont'd.)
Describe the operation of vehicle comfort
systems and electrical accessories
Explain the operation of and differences among
various vehicle sound systems
Troubleshoot problems with electrical
accessories

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Introduction
Each year brings more advanced features
Features found on luxury vehicles years ago are
now commonplace

Comfort systems
Added to a new vehicle or are provided as
original equipment

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Supplemental Restraint Systems

Seat belts and air bags are examples of
supplemental restraint systems
Designed to stop the passengers momentum
with as little damage as possible

Automobile manufacturers realize that safety

ratings are very important
Intensive crash tests ARE performed

One in four accidents is a side impact

Passengers are especially vulnerable

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Active and Passive Restraints

Active restraint: activated by the passenger

Passive restraint: takes place automatically
Seat belts: often three-point belts
Air bag: flexible nylon bag that inflates almost
instantaneously
Driver and passenger side
Side air bags in seat backs and side curtain
Knee and rear seat

Seat belt pretensioners: sometimes used with air

bag systems
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Active and Passive Restraints

(cont'd.)
Air bag parts
Air bag module consists of air bag and inflator
Air bag system also includes sensors, ignition
device, an explosive propellant
Inside sensors are called safing sensors
Sophisticated electronic control module
Squibs used in each air bag ignite the bag

Smart restraint air bags

Latest air bag systems
Multistage ABS can inflate an air bag in stages
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Active and Passive Restraints

(cont'd.)

Air bag deployment

Process takes about 0.1 seconds

Side air bags deploy individually
Smart air bag system uses various inputs
OSS determines where passengers are located
Newer systems consider vehicular forces
Radar-based systems sense when a vehicle will
not be able to stop in time

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Restraint System Service

After an accident
All passive restraint parts are checked

Necessary to use manufacturer's service and

diagnostic information
Air bags are expensive and cannot be reused
Air bag sensors are sensitive to damage from
mishandling

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Security, Navigation, and

Electrical Accessories

Door locks

Provided since early days

Newer system features

Resistance keys
Keyless entry systems
Light delay systems

Electric door locks

Switch or manual operation
Solenoid or permanent magnet motor operates
the locks
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Security Systems
Types

Pass key systems

Electronic valet

Resistance key

Transponder keys
Keyless entry
Electronic key systems

Intelligent key systems

Key fob batter
Remote engine starting
Illuminated entry

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 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Security Systems (contd.)

Theft-warning systems
Passive and active

Transponder passive antitheft systems

Systems with an encoded transponder ignition
key

Antitheft system electrical operation

Operate with different permission codes

Transponder key replacement

Manufacturers have different processes
All are expensive
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Vehicle Tracking/Navigation
Systems
Some newer vehicles are equipped with
navigation systems tracked by the GPS
Feature road maps and voice prompts

Night vision
Infrared technology is used to assist when driving
at night

Ultrasonic rear parking assist

Ultrasonic or radar based

Rear view camera

Provides backing and parking assistance
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Other Comfort Systems

Audio systems
AM and FM radio
Components (e.g., antenna, speakers, etc.)

Amplifying devices
Crossovers and capacitors

Satellite radio
Original or added equipment

Multiplexer
Allows additional inputs
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Other Comfort Systems (cont'd.)

Active noise cancellation
Reduces or cancels unwanted sounds

DVD systems
Available on many vehicles

Hands-free cellular phones

Several technologies

Rear window defoggers

Electric grid baked on to the rear window

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Other Comfort Systems (cont'd.)

Heated windshield
Self-defrosting windows
Heated mirrors
Intelligent windshield wipers

Power mirrors
Common on many cars

Power seats
Allow easy adjustment of seat position

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Other Comfort Systems (cont'd.)

Memory seats
Computer remembers seat position

Adaptive seats
Use memory seat positions but move the
adjustment to fit the driver as she or he shifts

Adjustable pedal height

Raises pedals up

Heated seats
Warm cushions
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Other Comfort Systems (cont'd.)

Climate-controlled seats
Thermoelectric device heats and cools the seat

Power lumbar supports

Bladder in the lower seat back is inflated or
deflated according to commands

Power windows
Open and close by drive motors
Troubleshooting: try all of the windows

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Other Comfort Systems (cont'd.)

Removing a door panel
Repairing an electric window motor or electric
door lock
Inner door panel is removed

Removing a window
Window is disconnected from window frame and
hardware
Can fall freely within the window slides
Suction cups are available

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Cruise Control
Most cars are equipped with cruise control
Driver controls vehicle speed from a switch

Electronic cruise control

Analyzes and acts on inputs

Intelligent cruise control

Maintains a selected distance from the vehicle
ahead dependent on its speed

Cruise control service

Check fuse, linkage, vacuum hoses, sensors,
and brake lights
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Collision Avoidance Systems

Use a camera and radar sensors
Work with other adaptive cruise control sensor
inputs to sense speed and location of other
vehicles

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Lane Departure Warning System

Uses a camera that
sees the lines on the
road
Module flashes a
light and sounds a
chime to alert the
driver

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning