What is an Engineer?

What is Engineering
Engineering is the branch of science and
technology concerned with the design,
building, and use of engines, machines, and
structures

What is the Difference Between

a Scientist and an Engineer?
Scientist:

Develops knowledge from

analysis and study
Characteristic activity:
research
Work in fields such as:

Engineer:

A practitioner of science is a
scientist

Obtained from Wikipedia under science and engineering

Characteristic activity: creative

design
Work in disciplines such as:
Civil Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Electronics Engineering
Computer Science Engineering
Bio Technology

Biology
Chemistry
Physics

Uses knowledge of math and

science to create something new

A practitioner of engineering is
an engineer

What is the Difference Between

a Scientist and an Engineer?
Scientists discover the world that exists;
engineers create the world that never was.
-Theodore Von Karman, Aerospace Engineer

Engineering Disciplines
Electrical Engineers
Work with electricity, electromagnetic fields, and light

Design products such as cell phones, computers,

antennas, televisions, and appliances

Design power generation and distribution systems

Mechanical Engineers
Work with machines and systems that
involve the production and use of heat

Design cars, heating and air conditioning systems,

and manufacturing systems

Biomedical Engineers
Work with the mechanical and chemical
properties of the human body

Design prosthetic devices and medical diagnostic systems

Engineering Disciplines
Civil Engineers

Work with physics and materials

Design buildings, roads, bridges, storm water systems

Chemical Engineers
Work with physics, chemistry and biology

Design medicines, fertilizers, semiconductors, food

additives (such as flavorings)

Aerospace Engineers

Work with aerodynamics, propulsion and navigation

Design aircraft, spacecraft, satellites, missiles, and rockets

There are many more disciplines!

Who Hires Engineers?

The Obvious:

What is GATE?

Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE) is an

all India examination.

GATE is administered and conducted jointly by the Indian

Institute of Science (IISc) and seven Indian Institutes of
Technology (IITs) on behalf of the National Coordination
Board (NCB)-GATE, Department of Higher Education,
Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD),
Government of India.

Zones
The zones and the corresponding administrative institutes are :
Zone 1 Indian Institute of Science Bangalore
Zone 2 Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
Zone 3 Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
Zone 4 Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
Zone 5 Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
Zone 6 Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
Zone 7 Indian Institute of Technology Madras
Zone 8 Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee

Zone-Wise examination city list for GATE

2015

GATE Papers
A candidate is allowed to appear in ONLY ONE of the 22
papers

Benefits of GATE
Financial Assistance
A valid GATE score is essential for obtaining financial assistance
during Masters programs and direct Doctoral
programs in
Engineering/Technology/Architecture, and Doctoral programs in relevant
branches of Science in Institutes supported by the MHRD, or other
Government agencies(IISc, IITs,NITs, and leading institutions in India).
After joining M.Tech at IITs and IISc one can look at salary
package ranging from Rs 7 Lakhs to 30 Lakhs per annum,depending upon
Specialization and performance.
Junior Research Fellowship
GATE qualified candidates are also eligible for the award of Junior
Research Fellowship in CSIR Laboratories and CSIR sponsored projects.
Higher Studies in Foreign University
GATE is also eligible for doing Master Degree in Nayang
Technological University, Singapore, National University of Singapore and
Technical University of Munich, Germany.

LIST OF CSIR LABORATORIES

Research Institutes
GATE qualified candidates in the Engineering discipline are also eligible
for the award of Junior Research Fellowship(JRF) & Senior Research
Fellowship(SRF) in CSIR Laboratories. JRF & SRF are stipend bases
fellowships. The stipend amount generally lies between Rs 15000/- to
Rs 20000/- for CSIR laboratories.

Scholarships in ME/M.Tech
To enhance/promote the master education in India the Scholarship/
Assistance ship is likely to be Rs 11,800/- per month is paid from MHRD
to GATE qualified student. It is financial assistance for candidates so
that they can easily afford their needs during their course and thesis
work.

MHRD FUNDED INSTITUTIONS

Name of the Institutions

Total
Numbers

Indian Institute of Technology (IITs)

16

Indian Institute of Management (IIMs)

13

Indian Institute of Science (IISc)

Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISERs)

National Institute of Technology (NITs)

30

Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management

(IIITMs)

National Institute of Technical Teacher's Training & Research

(NITTTRs)

Others (SPA, ISMU, NERIST, SLIET, NITIE & NIFFT, CIT)

Total

83

Benefits of GATE
Employment
Several Public Sector Undertakings (PSU) such as Indian Oil
Corporation

Limited,

National

Thermal

Power

Corporation,

NLC,BHEL, Power Grid India, etc., are using Gate scores for
selection for providing a salaried employment. All private sectors
like TCS,L&T,SIMSON,TVS,ASHOK LEYLAND,RANE&RANE etc., are
also consider gate score.

Eligibility for GATE

Candidates

with

bachelor

degree

Engineering/Technology/Architecture

in
and

those who are in the Final year of such

programme.

Pattern of Question Papers

Section

No of Questions

Marks

First Section
(Engineering Mathematics
& Department Subjects)

25 Question
(Each One Marks)

25 Marks

Second Section
(Engineering Mathematics
& Department Subjects)

30 Questions
(Each Two Marks)

60 Marks

Third Section
(General Aptitude)

10 Questions
(5 One Marks &
5 Two Marks)

15 Marks

Marking Scheme
Section

% of Total
Marks

Marking Scheme

General

15 % of the
Total Marks

Five 1 Mark Questions

Five 2 Mark Questions

Aptitude

Engineering
Mathematics
Department
Subjects

15 % of the
Total Marks
70 % of the
Total Marks

Twenty Five 1 Mark Questions

Thirty 2 Mark Questions

Negative Marks for wrong Answer

For 1-mark multiple-choice questions, 1/3 marks will
be deducted for a wrong answer. Likewise.
For 2-mark multiple-choice questions, 2/3 marks will
be deducted for a wrong answer.
NO negative marking for numerical answer type
questions.

Application Fee Payment Options

The application fee is non-refundable.

Candidate
Category
Male
(General/OBC)

Mode

Online Net
Banking
e-challan

Women (All
Categories)

Online Net
Banking

Application Fee
Rupees
1500
1500
750

e-challan
750 norm.
Bank charges will
be applicable as per the
Other
Online Net
1500
(General/OBCBanking
NCL)
e-challan
1500
SC/ST/PwD

Online Net
Banking
e-challan

750
750

Design of Questions
The questions in a paper may be designed to test the following
abilities:
(i)Recall: These are based on facts, principles, formulae or laws of
the discipline of the paper. The candidate is expected to be able to
obtain the answer either from his/her memory of the subject or at
most from a one-line computation.
Example Q.
During machining, maximum heat is produced

tool

(A) in flank face

(B) in rake face

(C) in shear zone

(D) due to friction between chip and

Design of Questions
(ii) Comprehension: These questions will test the candidates
understanding of the basics of his/her field, by requiring him/her
to draw simple conclusions from fundamental ideas.
Example
Q. A DC motor requires a starter in order to
(A) develop a starting torque
(B) compensate for auxiliary field ampere turns
(C) limit armature current at starting
(D) provide regenerative braking

Design of Questions
(iii) Application: In these questions, the candidate is expected to apply
his/her knowledge either through computation or by logical reasoning.
Example
Q.

The sequent depth ratio of a hydraulic jump in a rectangular channel is

16.48. The Froude number at the beginning of the jump is:
(A) 5.0

(B) 8.0

(C) 10.0

(D) 12.0

(iv) Analysis and Synthesis: In these questions, the candidate is presented

with data, diagrams, images etc. that require analysis before a question
can be answered. A Synthesis question might require the candidate to
compare two or more pieces of information. Questions in this category
could,

for

example,

assumptions,
information.

or

involve

separating

candidates
useful

in

recognizing

information

from

unstated
irrelevant

GATE Syllabus

General Aptitude (GA): Common to All Papers

a) Verbal Ability
English

grammar,

sentence

completion,

verbal

analogies, word groups, instructions, critical reasoning

and verbal deduction.
b) Numerical Ability
Numerical
numerical

computation,

numerical

reasoning and data interpretation.

Engineering Mathematics

Department Subjects

estimation,

Sample Questions
Verbal Ability
Q.1. Choose the appropriate answer to complete the following sentence: After
several _____________ attempts to send the missile into space, the spacecraft were
finally launched successfully.
(A) abortive
preliminary
Ans. (A)

(B)

difficult

(C)

experimental

(D)

Q.2. Choose the appropriate answer to complete the following sentence: Medicine is
to illness as law is to _____________.
(A)discipline
(B) anarchy
(C) treason
(D) etiquette
Ans. (B)
Q.3. Read the following paragraph: The ordinary form of mercury thermometer is
used for temperature ranging from 40oF to 500oF. For measuring temperature below
40oF, thermometers filled with alcohol are used. These are, however, not
satisfactory for use in high temperatures. When a mercury thermometer is used for
temperature above 500oF, the space above the mercury is filled with some inert gas,
usually nitrogen or carbon dioxide, placed in the thermometer under pressure. As the
mercury rises, the gas pressures is increased, so that it is possible to use these
thermometers for temperatures as high as 1000oF. With what, besides mercury,
would a thermometer be filled if it was designed to be used for measuring
temperature of about 500oF?
(A) Pyrometer
(B) Inert gas
(C) Iron and brass (D) Gas
Ans. (B)

Sample Questions

Verbal Ability
Q.4. The cost of manufacturing tractors in Korea is twenty percent less than the cost
of manufacturing tractors in Germany. Even after transportation fees and import
taxes are added, it is still cheaper to import tractors from Korea to Germany than to
produce tractors in Germany. Which of the following assertions is best supported by
the above information?
(A)Labour costs in Korea are twenty percent below those in Germany.
(B) Importing tractors into Germany will eliminate twenty percent of the
manufacturing jobs in Germany.
(C) The costs of transporting a tractor from Korea to Germany are more than twenty
percent of the cost of manufacturing the tractor in Korea.
(D) The import taxes on a tractor imported from Korea to Germany is less than
twenty percent of the cost of manufacturing the tractor in Germany.
Ans. (D)

Sample Questions
Numerical Ability
Q.5.
In a survey, 3/16 of the people surveyed told that they preferred
to use public transport while commuting daily to office. 5/8 of the
people surveyed told that they preferred to use their own
vehicles. The remaining 75 respondents said that they had no
clear preference. How many people preferred to use public
transport?
(A)75
(D) 133
Ans. (A)

(B) 100

(C) 125

Sample Questions
Engineering Mathematics
Q.6.
For which value of x will the matrix given be low become singular?

(a) 4

(b) 6

(c)8

(d) 12

Solution :
= 0 [since for singular matrix |A| = 0]

8 (0 - 12) x (0 - 24)=0
-96 + 24 x = 0
24 x = 96
X =

=4

[Ans : a]

Sample Questions
Department Subjects
Computer Science Engineering
Q.7. Which one of the following is NOT performed during
compilation?
(A)Dynamic memory allocation
(C) Symbol table management

(B)Type checking
(D) Online expansion

Ans. (A)
Explanation:
At compilation time dynamic memory allocation is not feasible.

Sample Questions

Department Subjects

Electronics and Communication Engineering

Q.8 In the interconnection of ideal sources shown in the figure, It is
known that the 60 V source is absorbing power.

Which of the following can be the value of the current source I ?

(a)10A

(b) 13A

(c) 15A

(d) 18A
Ans: (a)

Explaination:
Since power is absorbing by 60V source

I' =12 I
I'<12A

Q.8.(a) In the circuits shown below,the current through

the inductor is

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) 0 A

Ans: (c)
According to KCL at node d there will be no current in voltage
sources.
According to KCL at node a current through inductor will be
i1 =i+1
--(1)
Applying KVL in loop ABCD we have,
1* i+(i+1)j1+1 0-1 0=0
i+(i+1)j=0

(1+j)i=0
(1+j)i=-j

There fore from (1) and (2) we have,

Q.8(b)The Boolean functions Y=AB+CD is to be

realized using only 2 inputs NAND gates. the
minimum number of gates required is
(a)2 (b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5
Ans: (b)

Explaination:

inputs
Y=AB+CD=A.B+C.D

outputs

Sample Questions
Department Subjects
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Q.9 In the given rectifier, the delay angel of the thyristor T1 measured from
the positive going zero crossing of Vs is 30o. If the input voltage Vs is 100
sin (100 t) V, the average voltage across R (in Volt) under steady-state is
______.

CIVIL ENGINEERING
Q 10. For a pipe of radius r, flowing half full under the action of
gravity, the hydraulic depth is
(a) r
(b)
(c)
(d)
solution:
Hydraulic depth=
2

Area =

Top width = 2r
2

Hydraulic depth =

[Ans : b]

dd

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Q.11

(a)0.5

A long thin walled cylindrical shell, closed at both the ends is

subjected to an internal pressure. The ratio of hoop stress to
longitudinal stress developed in the shell is
(b) 1.0

(c) 2.0

(d) 4.0

Solution :
In thin cylindrical shell,

Hoop stress (c) =

Longitudinal stress (l) =

= 2.0

[Ans : c]

Post-Exam Related Information

Calculation of GATE Score:
The examination for CE, CS, EC, EE and ME papers will be conducted
in multi-sessions. Hence, for these papers, a suitable normalization is
applied to take into account any variation in the difficulty levels of the
question papers across different sessions.
The normalization is done based on the fundamental assumption that "in
all multi-session GATE papers, the distribution of abilities of candidates is
the same across all the sessions".
This assumption is justified since the number of candidates appearing in
multi-session papers in GATE 2015 is large and the procedure of
allocation of session to candidates is random.
Further it is also ensured that for the same multi-session paper, the
number of candidates allotted in each session is of the same order of
magnitude.
Based on the above, and considering various normalization methods,
the committee arrived at the following formula for calculating the
normalized marks, for CE, CS, EC, EE and ME papers.

Post-Exam Related Information

Calculation of GATE Score:

After the evaluation of the answers, normalized marks based on the above
formula will be calculated corresponding to the raw marks obtained by a
candidate for CE, CS, EC, EE and ME papers and the GATE 2015 Score will be
calculated based on the normalized marks.

GATE Results
GATE results will be announced on end of March and it will
be available on the GATE Online Application Website.
GATE 2015 score is valid for THREE YEARS from the date of
announcement of the results.

Gate first IES next

The gate preparation will cover almost 70% of the total

preparation required for IES, the gate examination is in
February/march and the IES is held after wards in June.
Therefore, the best strategy is to prepare initially for gate and
then onward concentrate on the remaining portion of IES, if the
candidate is successful in gate with good rank, then the chances
of getting success in IES examination will be very bright.
The suggested approach for a fresher is GATE first IES next .

Career opportunities for Mechanical Engineers after

IES
Engineering Degree holder in Mechanical Engineering can seek
employment in Group A (Mechanical Engineering Posts) in following
departments.
Indian Railway Service of Mechanical Engineers
Central Engineering Service (Roads)
Central Power Engineering Service
Indian Naval Armament Service
Central Electrical & Mechanical Engineering Service
Electrical and Mechanical Engineers, a branch in the Indian Army
Indian Navy
Geological Survey of India
Indian Supply Service
Indian Defense Service of Engineers

Career opportunities for Civil Engineers

after IES
Candidates who have specialization in Civil
Engineering can start their career as Assistant
Executive Engineer in following departments.
Indian Railway Service of Engineers
Indian Railway Stores Service
Central Engineering Service
Indian Defense Service of Engineers
Indian Ordnance Factories Service (IOFS)
Central Water Engineering
Central Engineering Service (Roads)
Border Roads Engineering Service

RECRUITMENT OF
ENGINEERS
THROUGH GATE
2015

Stream and category wise qualifying cut-off for GATE 2015

No of
Qualifying
GATE
Qualifyin Qualifyin
Candidate
Marks
Paper
GATE Paper
g Marks
g Marks
s
(SC/ST/PwD
Code
(General) (OBCNCL)
Appeared
)
EC

172714

Electronics and
Communication

25

22.5

16.67

CS

115425

Computer Science
and IT

25

22.5

16.67

ME

22,367

Mechanical
Engineering

32.73

29.46

21.82

EE

125851

Electrical
Engineering

25

22.5

16.67

IN

185758

Instrumentation
Engineering

25.45

22.9

16.96

CE

101429

Civil Engineering

25

22.5

16.67

CH

15,844

Chemical
Engineering

27.52

24.77

18.34

BT

10,719

Biotechnology

26.08

23.47

17.39

PSUs considering GATE scores for entry level Engineer positions

Few Suggestions for Studies

Utilize your free hours for the preparation.
Divide into groups and make sure to work out
maximum questions during free time. Help each
other with tough problems.
Each one take up a part of the syllabus. Study
those topics well and take a class for the rest.
Maintain a common document where each
persons choice will be published and an efficient
schedule can be prepared.

Just a few months of effort can get us an

admission/Employment
in one of the pioneer institutes/PSU in
India.
Always remember :
NO PAIN, NO GAIN !!

THANK YOU