HS 1177

SUB GROUP 4 :
CELESTE , HIDAYAH , KELLY , NABILAH , SASI , XIAO HUI
, YU XING

What is Aspergers Syndrome?

It is a Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD).
People with these disorders are often described autisticlike or developmentally delayed with autism symptoms.
It will affect ones communication and socialisation skills.
People with AS will have difficulty responding to the body
language, facial expressions and tone of voice of others.

What is Aspergers Syndrome?

People with Aspergers syndrome will usually bring about

social maladaptive behaviour as well.

So, what is Social Maladaptive Behaviour ?
A persons ability to react to a particular situation usually in
social settings.
He or she may have difficulties in interpreting and
understanding another persons emotion when interacting.
They usually have more difficulties identifying nonverbal cues.

Questions!
1. Use classical conditioning and/or operant conditioning
and/or observational learning to explain Hui Huis
behaviour.
2. Propose how classical conditioning and/or operant
conditioning and/or observational learning can be
applied to help Hui Hui learn new, adaptive behaviour.
3. What are the advantages or disadvantages of your
proposed method?

How it affects her?

Affect her communication :
As you know Hui Hui is hyper-verbal and verbose in
speaking (meaning that she tends to talk very much
and expressed more words than needed). People may
feel that having conversation with her can get boring
and needs to have a chance to speak or change a
conversation.
She gets enthusiastic and dominating in conversation
and teachers either put her off or let her talk.
When her classmates befriend with her , they find it
difficult to interact with her and would rather leave her
alone . (Hui Hui might have difficulty initiating and

 Affect her social interaction :

Hui Hui cannot work independently in clinical settings
especially with people younger than her age and paediatric
patients.
Hui hui was not able to modify her behaviour to their
language and behavioural needs and teachers were often
called in to monitor her disruptive behaviour.
Another reason why she cannot work with paediatric
patients might be she is hypersensitive to sounds such as
the crying of babies where it can get overwhelming and
stressful for her.
Hui Hui demonstrate severe difficulty reading the little
nonverbal cues which many of us use to navigate our social
relationship. (their desire and need to have friendship
overwrite with their ability in understanding others)

What is observational learning?

Observational learning refers to someone who repeat an
action from what they learn through watching others or a
show.
It also refers to someones behaviour changes after
viewing the behaviour of a model.
You learn from what you see

Q1: In relation to observational

learning, how does it explain Hui Huis
behaviour?
Her parents thinks she has trouble understanding them, hence
they try to repeat themselves often hoping she will get the
messages and by using observational learning, Hui Hui hence
become repetitive learning from what she see.
With only partial understanding of Hui Huis condition, her parents
tried to explain things in greater details hoping she would
understand what they are trying to say, from there, Hui Hui slowly
understood what they are explaining and hence learn from the way
her parents way of explaining things and applied it to her peers.
Over time, she grows up observing the same thing hence it
stimulates her to be repetitive and wordy as well.

What is Operant conditioning?

It refers to a voluntary response being strengthened or weakened,
depending on its favourable or unfavourable consequences.
(there are two differences in an operant conditioning. Reinforcement and
punishment.)
Reinforcement
Punishment

It is a reward on a particular It is to decrease the

behaviour.
probability of previous
It is to increase the
behaviour to occur again.
probability of a response to
(Foroccur
both again.
reinforcement and punishment, they have positive and also

negative. will explain further on each differences in the next slide.)

Positive reinforcement
It is to give or provide something good to strengthened a
behaviour.
Hui huis parents noticed that she loved to
read, hence they would buy her books to
read and also bring her to the library on
weekends.
Negative reinforcement
It is to remove or take away something good to
strengthened a behaviour
If a student forgets to hand in
homework, then they will receive the
negative reinforcement by getting bad
grades. (take away their good results)

Positive punishment
It is to give or provide something bad to stop a behaviour.
(making the behavior less likely to happen in the future)
For instance, canning or beating.
Because you're late to work one morning,
you drive over the speed limit through a
school zone. As a result, you get pulled
over by a police officer and receive a
ticket.

Negative punishment

It is to remove or take away something good or pleasant to

weaken a behaviour.
For instance, grounded or curfew. (it is always about reducing a
behaviour)
Hui huis parents will ignore her

when she becomes too

disruptive.

Q1: Using Operant conditioning, how

does it explain Hui Huis behaviour?
Since the behaviour we have identified is repetitive and
wordy, she continues to be repetitive and wordy as she
might have done the same thing in school during exams
but she wasnt corrected about it hence she continues
with it.
Positive reinforcement: She got good results in exams
which then strengthen her repetitive and wordy
behaviour.

Q2 : Propose how classical

conditioning and/or operant
conditioning and/or observational
learning can be applied to help Hui
Hui learn new, adaptive behaviour.

 Observational Learning
Hui Huis behaviour will affect her social communication skill,
through observational learning where Hui Hui can learn from what
she see,
Teachers and parents should demonstrate to her how to
communicate with others by using simple and short dialogue in
conversation to keep her from being repetitive and wordy; or
demonstrate how she can initiate and maintain conversation with
others.
Examples of dialogue : "Tom, you shouldn't be so rude to people,
you might hurt their feelings and they might depressed. / "Tom,
don't be so rude to people".

 Operant Conditioning
Since Hui Hui gets repetitive and very wordy in speaking/writing
By using positive punishment (provide something unpleasant to
weaken a behaviour)
The teacher should marked her down for answers
As a result, Hui Hui will is aware of using lesser words & being
repetitive in speaking/writing.

Q3 : What are the advantages

or disadvantages of your
proposed method?

Advantages

Disadvantages

Encourages social
interactions

Poor Role Models

Demonstrate Poor
Behavior

She knows how to properly

conduct a conversation without
being repetitive and wordy. What
her parents and teachers
demonstrate is beneficial to her
development, as it can help build
her self-esteem up.

Promotes enjoyment in
learning
Observation learning not only
helps promote enjoyment in
learning, but also creates a
flexible environment, which
enable HuiHui to explore. As a
result, HuiHui learn observation
skills, solving problems and
completing tasks create an
amazing learning experience.

If HuiHuis parents and teachers

behave impatiently or talk
rudely, HuiHui may also act like
them through observational
learning. As the result HuiHui
may still have no idea how to
communicate with people.

Observational
Learning Requires
Motivation
If HuiHui are more motivated to
repeat behaviors she enjoy and
are capable of performing
successfully. However if HuiHui
feels that she cannot behave like
what her parents and teachers,

Advantages

Disadvantages

Discourage her
repetitive and wordy
behaviour

Withdrawal of
punishment

If Hui Hui is being rewarded for

a behaviour, it is more likely for
it to occur again. (being praised
after all her answers and
attentiveness in class)

Encourage learning
from punishment.
After Hui Hui has been punished
after acting a certain way, she
will less likely to show that
behaviour again as appropriate
punishment can teach her how
to avoid a similar situation in the
future

Operant conditioning does not

work with everyone and Hui Hui
could pretend that she has
stopped the behaviour, just to
receive a reward (for instance, a
praise from her teachers)

References

Summary