Swift Basics

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Agenda

Swift in the Context of other Programming Languages

Variable declaration, Typing and Assignment
Program Output and Formatting
Generating Random Numbers
Data Structures: Arrays and Dictionaries
Function Definitions
Structure Declaration
Class Declaration and Instantiation

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The Swift Programming

Language

Variable declaration syntax has similarities with JavaScript and

ActionScript
Swift features several programming constructs from other
languages including ObjectiveC and Smalltalk
Swift borrows concepts from a number of programming
paradigms, e.g. procedural and object-oriented programming
and is therefore a multi-paradigm programming environment
Swift allows type inference e.g. loose typing
Swift programming statements do not required line ending
characters such as semicolons

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Variable Declaration and Assignment

var aNumber // inferred (loose) typing - no statement ending i.e. ;

or
var aNumber:Int // uppercase I for Integer!
aNumber = 5 // variable assignment

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Constant Declaration

Constant declaration uses the let keyword

let PI = 3.141592654

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Outputting Comments using println

println Hello World

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Value Output with Comments

var firstNumber:Int
var secondNumber:Int
var answer:Int
firstNumber = 5
secondNumber = 14
answer = firstNumber + secondNumber
println("The answer is:\(answer)") // syntax for comment and output

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Random Number Generator

(arc4random_uniform(10))

Int(arc4random_uniform(10)) // integer

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Random Number Generation

var firstNumber:Int
var secondNumber:Int
var answer:Int
firstNumber = Int(arc4random_uniform(10))
secondNumber = Int(arc4random_uniform(10))
answer = firstNumber + secondNumber
println("The answer is:\(answer))

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Swift Functions func

// function definition
func addTwoInts(numberOne: Int, numberTwo:Int)-> Int {
return numberOne + numberTwo
}
// function call with variables from earlier example
answer = addTwoInts(firstNumber, secondNumber)
println(The sum of the two numbers is \(answer))
println("The sum of \(firstNumber) + \(secondNumber) is:\(answer)")

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Array Declaration

var arrayOfIntegers:[Int] = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]

// print out all the numbers in the array
for(number) in arrayOfIntegers{
println(number)
}

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Dictionaries (Keys and Values)

let interestingNumbers = [
"Prime":[2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13],
"Fiboncacci": [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8],
"Square":[1, 4, 9, 16, 25],
]
for(kind, numbers) in interestingNumbers{
println(kind, numbers)
}
// output
(Square, [1, 4, 9, 16, 25])
(Fiboncacci, [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8])
(Prime, [2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13])

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Swift Structures (struct)

struct Resolution {
var width = 1024
var height = 768
}
//Resolution is now a new Swift type

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Swift Class Definition

class VideoMode{
var
var
var
var

resolution = Resolution()// struct type

interlaced = false
frameRate = 0.0
name: String? //? Infers optional type

}
//Resolution is used as type in the class definition

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Creating Instances of a Structure and Class

let aResolution = Resolution() // struct instance

let aVideoMode = VideoMode()// class instance
// accessing properties
println(The width of aResolution is \(aResolution.width))

// prints The width of aResolution is 1024

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Setting Properties of a Class and Structure

// set the video mode resolution in the class struct

aVideoMode.resolution.width = 1280
println(The width of aVideoMode is now \(aVideoMode.resolution.width ))

// prints The width of aVideoMode is now 1280

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The Swift 2 Main Additions

Error handling model e.g..

func loadData() throws { }

func test() {
do {
try loadData()
} catch {
print(error)
}
}

Implementation of a Set type

Improvements to Cocoa UI

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Summary

Swift 2 is a programming language which draws syntax and structures from other well - established languages.
Swift 2 uses inferred (loose) typing, its basic syntax is similar to JavaScript and ActionScript 3.0
Swift 2 is only currently available for the OSX platform via
XCode 7.x
Swift 2 features a Set type and try-catch throw error model
There are currently at least two online portals which provide compilation of Swift program code
The Apple Developer Portal provides language documentation and resources such as the Swift Language and
Cocoa with Swift as ebooks.

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Swift Coding Resources

Apple Developer Portal
https://developer.apple.com/swift/resources/
Online Swift compiler
http://www.runswiftlang.com/
Swift Tutorials
https://www.hackingwithswift.com/
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iOS Recommend Text

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