The

Bullet
Train

BY- SWATANTRA DEEP

KATIYAR

Introduction
Bullet train track
Support system
Types of technology
Propulsion system
Bullet vs conventonal train
How it is better for the environment

Introduction

Bullet trainis a system of transportation that

uses magnetic levitation to suspend, guide and
propel vehicles from magnets rather than using
mechanical methods, such as friction-reliant
wheels, axles and bearings. Bullet train is a
means of flying a vehicle or object along a
guideway by using magnets to create both lift
and thrust, albeit only a few inches above the
guideway surface

The Bullet Train

TypeTrack
of Magnet Uses
This train uses superconducting electric magnets in
the vehicle to levitate and propel the train. These
magnets are cooled by liquid helium or liquid
nitrogen. This means that once electrified these
magnets do not require additional energy.

The magnetized coil running along the track, called

a guideway, allowing the train to levitate between 0.39
and 3.93 inches above the guideway. Once the train is
levitated, power is supplied to the coils within the
guideway walls to create a unique system of magnetic
fields that pull and push the train along the guideway. The
electric current supplied to the coils in the guideway walls
is constantly alternating to change the polarity of the
magnetized coils. This change in polarity causes the
magnetic field in front of the train to pull the vehicle
forward, while the magnetic field behind the train adds
more forward thrust

Support system
The electromagnets on the
underside of the train pull it up to
the ferromagnetic stators on the
track and levitate the train.
The magnets on the side keep the
train from moving from side to
side.
A computer changes the amount
of current to keep the train 1 cm
from the track.

Two types of bullet train

Technologies

Electromagnetic suspension (EMS)

Electrodynamic suspension (EDS)

Electromagnetic suspension (EMS)

In current electromagnetic suspension (EMS)
systems, the train levitates above a steel rail
while electromagnets, attached to the train, are
oriented toward the rail from below. The
system is typically arranged on a series of Cshaped arms, with the upper portion of the arm
attached to the vehicle, and the lower inside
edge containing the magnets. The rail is
situated between the upper and lower edges.

Electrodynamic suspension (EDS)

In electrodynamic suspension (EDS), both the
rail and the train exert a magnetic field, and the
train is levitated by the repulsive force between
these magnetic fields. The magnetic field in the
train is produced by either superconducting
magnets or by an array of permanent magnets .
The repulsive force in the track is created by
an induced magnetic field in wires or other
conducting strips in the track.

Electrodynamic
suspension (EDS)
representation

Propulsion System
The system consists of
aluminum three-phase cable
windings in the stator packs
that are on the guideway
When a current is supplied
to the windings, it creates a
traveling alternating current
that propels the train forward
by pushing and pulling.

 When the alternating current is reversed, the train brakes.

Different speeds are achieved by varying the intensity of
the current.
Only the section of track where the train is traveling is
electrified.

Propulsion
An alternating current is ran through

electromagnet coils on the guide walls of the

guide way. This creates a magnetic field that
attracts and repels the superconducting
magnets on the train and propels the train
forward.
Braking is accomplished by sending an
alternating current in the reverse direction
so that it is slowed by attractive and
repulsive forces.

Seating Capacity &

classes

The train has three seprate classes

namely buisness class, green class,
ordinary class.
E 5 Series shinkansen train
configured with ten cars and has a
capacity to carry 731 passenger.
658 seats of ordinary class, 55 seats
are of green class and 18 seats are in
buisness class.

Bullet vs. Conventional

Trains
Bullet Trains

No Friction = Less
Maintenance

Conventional Trains

Routine Maintenance
Needed

No Engine = No fuel Engine requires

required
fossil fuels
Speeds in excess of
300 mph

Speeds up to 110
mph

Application
Information

Safety

The trains are virtually impossible to derail

because the train is wrapped around the track.

Collisions between trains are unlikely because

computers are controlling the trains movements.

Maintenance
There is very little maintenance because there is
no contact between the parts.

Comfort

The ride is smooth while not accelerating..

Economic Efficency

The initial investment is similar to other high

speed rail roads. (Maglift is $20-$40 million
per mile and I-279 in Pittsburg cost $37 million
per mile 17 years ago.)

Operating expenses are half of that of other

railroads.

A train is composed of sections that each

contain 100 seats, and a train can have between
2 and 10 sections.

Better for the Environment

Less energy consumption because no rail-track friction

Requires no fossil fuel which can harm the environment.
Less noise pollution since the train never hits the track
MagLev guideways and trains take up less space than
conventional trains

Summary
Bullet trains use magnets to levitate and propel
the trains forward.
Since there is no friction these trains can reach
high speeds.
It is a safe and efficient way to travel.

References

www.wikipedia.com
www.google.com

QUERIE
S